Philosophy Presentation
Transcript: Autonomy Autonomous- Acting independently or having the freedom to do so. Autonomy is the key to Kant’s theories on Ethics Kant was influenced by ideals of Rousseau - Freedom consists by being bound to laws that are ones on creation. - Laws that someone follow are made from themselves and are not influenced things outside of our own mind. Relations to Kant Paul Edgecomb: “On the day of my judgment, when I stand before God, and He asks me why did I kill one of his true miracles, what am I gonna say? That it was my job? My job?” Brutus Howell: “ You have to say it. You have to give the order.” Quote Analysis: Paul Edgecomb Prison Guard Paul Edgecomb asks that of the death row inmate John Coffey It questions the line between right and wrong; should a man be killed because he killed in the past? If that’s true shouldn’t Paul be held to the same? How can laws ever hope to cover every morale standard? Is Duty to the law enough justification to kill? Quote Analysis: Brutus Howell The order refereed to here is the order to kill John Coffey. Brutus tries to take emotions out of John Coffey’s execution by boldly declaring that it is in accordance with the law. The guards of the prison are duty bound to execute death row prisoners according to the schedule. However, does that duty supersede human rights,? How can one cast all inclinations to the side? Concluding Questions If all humans are free and therefore autonomous: Is Morality based upon individual perspective, and not as universal as Kant suggests? Is upholding the laws of your country the same as being a Morale and Ethical person? Is it possible to declare anything as wholly Morale and wholly Ethical? Or will there always be questions lingering in actions taken? What do you believe? If killing is unjust and immoral; how can punishing a killer with death be less of a moral crime? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LNBieXXV8NI - 1724- 1804 - Professor of Philosophy at Konigsberg, Prussia - Research - Lecture - Writing - Sharp contrast to skepticism and empiricist philosohpy - Sound arguments against Descartes, Berkeley, and Hume. - Considered by many the greatest philosopher since Plato and Aristotle. Origin of Thoughts.......... ...Categorical Imperative Kant’s fundamental principle of our moral duties Imperative: A command such as, “do this” Commands help us to exercise our will in a specific way Lets society understand which actions are obligatory and which are forbidden What we “ought” to do Hypothetical Imperative Three Categorical Imperatives “Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it become a universal law” “"Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end.“ "All maxims as proceeding from our own [hypothetical] making of law ought to harmonize with a possible kingdom of ends." Immanuel Kant Dan Kane Pat Byer Jared Young The Green Mile The story of guards at Cold Mountain Petitionary, Death Row. The guards lives unexpectedly change when they meet a new man condemned to death at their prison, John Coffey. Coffey has the power to heal and has proven to the guards that he is innocent of the crimes. Their choice now is whether to follow their emotions and save Coffey or adhere to their Job and execute a truly remarkable human being. Concept of Ethics... What is the definition? Deontology Morality -What is good? -What is bad? -From the Greek word dein, meaning duty. -Kant: Reason also has a practical side - Contrast to Rousseau -Kant: Morality is independent from society. Key to Kant’s Moral Philosophy: - Morality consists solely of rational principles -Inclinations - Personal feelings, desires, emotions, ambitions Who was Kant? Everyday Ethics -Meta -Normative Ethics -Applied Ethics
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