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Gerd

Transcript: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) One symptom of GERD is injury of the esophagus. The bottom of the esophagus becomes highly inflamed from the stomach acid. What Cause's "GERD"? •Alcohol (possibly) •Hiatal hernia (a condition in which part of the stomach moves above the diaphragm, which is the muscle that separates the chest and abdominal cavities) •Obesity •Pregnancy •Scleroderma •Smoking What Can I Do To Help My GERD? Remedies: -Apple cider vinegar -Pickle Juice -Dietary changes -Apples -Lemons -Ginger - Water THE END.... or is it..? What is GERD? Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a condition in which the stomach contents, (food or liquid) leak backwards from the stomach into the esophagus. This action can irritate the esophagus, this can cause many symptoms.

GERD

Transcript: Pathophysiology 3. Proton Pump Inhibitors – even more powerful than H2 antagonists. PPIs bind directly to the hydrogen-potassium-ATPase pump mechanism itself and irreversibly inhibit the action of this enzyme, which results in a total blockage of hydrogen ion secretion from the parietal cells. Pantoprazole sodium (Pantoloc) Thank You! Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease • Abnormalities Lower esophageal sphincter • Gastric or duodenal ulcer • Gastric or esophageal surgery • Prolonged vomiting • Prolonged gastric intubation GERD is the backward flow of gastric contents from the stomach into the esophagus. Signs & Symptoms • Risk for Aspiration: 1. Foods and fluids should not be taken for 2 to 3 hours before bedtime 2. Should sleep with their heads elevated 6 to 12 inches 1. Antacids – are basic compounds used to neutralize stomach acid. Calcium carbonate (Tums) • Chronic Pain 1. Pain can be reduced by increasing Lower esophageal sphincter pressure, which keeps gastric contents from passing into the esophagus. Factors GERD Treatment 2. H2 Antagonists – reduce but do not eliminate stimulated acid secretion Ranitidine (Zantac) • Painful burning sensation that moves up and down, commonly occurs after meals • If severe, then the pain may radiate to the back, neck, or jaw • Acid regurgitation • Intermittent dysphagia • Belching • Symptoms are likely to occur after activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure such as lifting, straining, and lying supine. • Imbalanced Nutrition 1. Monitor weight changes 2. Advice patient to eat small, frequent meals, because large meals increase pressure in the stomach and delay gastric emptying 3. Avoid fatty foods, coffee, tea, cola, chocolate, alcohol, and acidic and spicy foods Nursing Interventions

GERD

Transcript: When does GERD usually appear (at what age)? Different foods, normal aging processes, birth defects and/or injuries can open the lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter and cause the reflux. Diagram Asthma Some tests that could be administered are an x-ray of the upper digestive system or an esophageal impedance test which measures the movement of substances in the esophagus. Potential Causes Effects Some medications may worsen GERD such as Anticholinergics prescribed for overactive bladder and irritable bowel syndrome. Esophageal Impedance Test Digestive Tract X-Ray Questions People with asthma are at higher risk and their asthma can be confused with a symptom Lifestyle Changes Maintenance GERD often occurs beginning from infancy, usually without long-term health effects. Children and teens simply need to maintain a healthy lifestyle and take medication. Adults, however, with late-onset Acid Reflux may self-medicate incorrectly. Adults need to consult a doctor to receive the correct attention for their GERD. By: Ryan Caynak and Jacquie Marois A lifestyle change may be required to prevent Acid Reflux Disease. Fatty foods, mints, chocolates, alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine need to be avoided. Raising the head at night can also prevent the symptoms. Name one thing you ingest that can enhance the symptoms of GERD An asthma attack could potentially cause an onset of the disease and can cause the cardiac sphincter to relax, allowing stomach acid to go back (reflux) into the esophagus. Medications re-tasting food after swallowing, bad breath, tooth cavities, chest pain, sudden excess of saliva, sore throats, hoarseness and even inflammation of one’s gums. When food, fluids and/or acidic stomach juices back up from the stomach into the esophagus. It irritates the lining of the esophagus Treatment Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Acid Reflux Disease) What's Actually Happening Because it irritates the areas around the lungs and airways of the body, it can copy asthma symptoms and increase or affect allergic reactions. How?

GERD

Transcript: think of it backwards.... in this case, the food is going down the esophagus to the stomach and during reflux, acid from the stomach goes up the esophagus if the acid reaches high enough, it can go down the trachea to the larnyx/voicebox causing other complications An organ system that breaks down food while absorbing nutrients used by the body for energy. Complications can cause a change in the esophageal lining (Barrett's Esophagus) the esophagus sleeping on your right side causes acid to easily flow down to your esophagus -extra saliva: neutralizes small amounts of gastric acids that back up in esophagus can lead to cancer -saliva neutralizes acid Thank you for viewing this public education piece about GERD by not lying down for at least three hours after eating -causes added pressure on the stomach area, making it harder for the LES to function Nicotine eat dinner earlier Teeth GERD occurs in the Some examples are... gastroparesis -sometimes it feels like a heart attack or angina eating small meals at a time the trachea Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) connected to the mouth branches out into two directions: flat cells called squamous epithelium make up the esophageal lining (squamous mucosa) trouble swallowing makes/secrets bile (bile eliminates waste from blood and digests fat) Pancreas Alcohol mint flavourings spicy food alcohol Some foods... hoarseness, coughing uses contractions (preistalsis) to send food down to stomach the top of the stomach is folded around the base of the esophagus and stitched there this tightens the area around LES which helps to keep it closed H2 blockers blood vessels absorb most of the water + remaining minerals Infants usually grow out of GERD by the time they are 1 year old. Stomach anyone -closes to contain stomach contents (food and acid) By: Neha Patel The Pharynx Produce new cells that form scar tissues... Which thicken the esophageal lining causing esophageal stricture... But, if you have it for more than twice a week, you should get evaluated for GERD. throat and laryngeal inflammation Treatment Carbonated beverages Liver and it makes pushing food down the esophagus to the stomach difficult. sleeping on your stomach causes acid to slide easily up your esophagus. An injured esophageal lining because of the exposure of stomach acids... lined with villi which has blood vessels that absorb nutrients Salivary Glands -when acid stays in stomach for too long, it backs up into esophagus The Mouth nausea they block histamine receptors that signal your stomach to produce acid infection of the lungs frequent heartburn -in a healthy digestive system, if stomach contents slide up the esophagus, muscles would contract and push it back up loosing weight What Is GERD? muscular tube connecting pharynx to stomach -irritates and reddens esophageal lining -relaxes LES muscles Caffeinated drinks obesity by not drinking alcohol The Digestive System -stomach takes to long to empty to GERD elevating upper portion of body while sleeping Some examples are... GERD reduces production of stomach acids appears to repair the damage of the esophageal lining Possible Contributions -digests carbohydrates citrus fruits + juices quitting smoking Heartburn is the burning sensation that occurs in the esophagus once acid enters it. The lining of the esophagus is sensitive causing the pain of heartburn. overweight or pregnant people are more likely (because of the added pressure on their stomachs also known as the colon irritate the esophagus Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease sleeping on your left side prevents acid from flowing into your esophagus Not everyone with heartburn and reflux has GERD Preventing Heartburn and GERD -because of gravity, acid would not slip up the esophagus as easily because of gravity... men, women, infants, children ends at the rectum, which stores food waste Having GERD can lead to other disorders... -causes stomach to create more acid pregnancy chewing gum after meals GERD in Children and Infants -having a full stomach relaxes LES -grinds/mashes food into smaller pieces alcohol use ulcers and bleeding in the esophagus (esophageal erosion) -serious complication has strong muscular walls coffee also uses peristalsis esophageal scarring uses peristalsis to move food around wearing loose clothing -when upper portion of stomach moves upward to chest hiatal hernia The End. Over-the-counter antacids -when acid reflux reaches trachea Gall Bladder tomato based food Large Intestine -digests carbohydrates, fats, proteins etc. -kills harmful bacteria Because of the acid reflux that occurs when you have GERD... With a relaxed LES, it will stop opening and closing when it is supposed to, causing it to be more likely for acid to back up. relax the LES Alka Seltzer secrets enzymes - a muscular valve found between the stomach and esophagus -opens to let food in -activated when a you swallow -the LES of a GERD patient opens/closes frequently increase of saliva The Esophagus acid regurgitation -less

GERD

Transcript: Lifestyle Inhibits H+, K+, -ATPase transporter to decrease acid production by parietal cells. Cations and anions of compounds react with HCl in stomach to create products like water. These products then increase gastric pH. Common SEs are GI based: constipation, diarrhea, flatulence Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease GERD Head of bed elevation Food avoidance Posture post meals Salivation Inhibit histamine release in histamine-2 receptors on the parietal cells of the stomach, which, in turn, decreases gastric acid secretion. Epidemiology: 10-12% in Western world and <5% in Asia. Not very many common SEs - primarily GI based Concerning SEs includes rhabdomyolysis and increased risk of bone fracture H2 Antagonists Ranitidine, Famotidine, Cimetidine, Nizatidine Obesity, pregnancy, smoking, asthma, delayed stomach emptying Regurgitation Flow of refluxed materials into pharynx. Materials generally include mostly acid from stomach with some food particles last ingested. Chronic digestive disease that occurs when stomach acid or, occasionally, bile refluxes into the esophagus. Proton Pump Inhibitors Omeprazole, Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole, Pantoprazole Antacids Magnesium, Aluminum, Calcium, or Sodium based Acid from the stomach enters the esophagus due to a malfunctioning LES. Not very many common SEs - primarily GI and CNS (drowsiness, dizziness, headaches) Risk Factors Heartburn Burning sensation in esophagus occurs most commonly postprandial. Due to acid climbing up esophagus and irritating surfaces. Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing most commonly occurs due to strictures.

PowerPoint Game Templates

Transcript: Example of a Jeopardy Template By: Laken Feeser and Rachel Chapman When creating without a template... http://www.edtechnetwork.com/powerpoint.html https://www.thebalance.com/free-family-feud-powerpoint-templates-1358184 Example of a Deal or No Deal Template PowerPoint Game Templates There are free templates for games such as jeopardy, wheel of fortune, and cash cab that can be downloaded online. However, some templates may cost more money depending on the complexity of the game. Classroom Games that Make Test Review and Memorization Fun! (n.d.). Retrieved February 17, 2017, from http://people.uncw.edu/ertzbergerj/msgames.htm Fisher, S. (n.d.). Customize a PowerPoint Game for Your Class with These Free Templates. Retrieved February 17, 2017, from https://www.thebalance.com/free-powerpoint-games-for-teachers-1358169 1. Users will begin with a lot of slides all with the same basic graphic design. 2. The, decide and create a series of questions that are to be asked during the game. 3. By hyper linking certain answers to different slides, the game jumps from slide to slide while playing the game. 4. This kind of setup is normally seen as a simple quiz show game. Example of a Wheel of Fortune Template https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Wheel-of-Riches-PowerPoint-Template-Plays-Just-Like-Wheel-of-Fortune-383606 Games can be made in order to make a fun and easy way to learn. Popular game templates include: Family Feud Millionaire Jeopardy and other quiz shows. http://www.free-power-point-templates.com/deal-powerpoint-template/ Quick video on template "Millionaire" PowerPoint Games Some games are easier to make compared to others If users are unsure whether or not downloading certain templates is safe, you can actually make your own game by just simply using PowerPoint. add logo here References Example of a Family Feud Template PowerPoint Games are a great way to introduce new concepts and ideas You can create a fun, competitive atmosphere with the use of different templates You can change and rearrange information to correlate with the topic or idea being discussed. Great with students, workers, family, etc. For example: With games like Jeopardy and Family Feud, players can pick practically any answers. The person who is running the game will have to have all of the answers in order to determine if players are correct or not. However, with a game like Who Wants to be a Millionaire, the players only have a choice between answers, A, B, C, or D. Therefore, when the player decides their answer, the person running the game clicks it, and the game will tell them whether they are right or wrong.

GERD

Transcript: GERD stands for gastroesophageal refulx disease This happens when the lower esophageal sphincter (the muscle that acts as a valve between the esophagus and stomach) becomes weak or loosens when it should not. Which allows the stomach contents to go into the esophagus. Sources GERD gastroesophageal reflux is the return of the stomach's contents back up into the esophagus. Cures It is also known a heartburn Causes http://www.webmd.com/heartburn-gerd/america-asks-9/treatment-remedies http://www.webmd.com/heartburn-gerd/guide/reflux-disease-gerd-1 http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gerd/basics/causes/con-20025201 Proton pump inhibitors are the most common perscribed medications for GERD. They work by helping block the production of acid in the stomach, they also protect the esophagus from damage and allow it to heal. There are many more medicines like H2 blockers, antacids, prokinetics, and many more.

GERD

Transcript: You may need to make changes to your lifestyle such as maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, drinking less alcohol, or not eating foods that make GERD worse.Treatment options for GERD may be different for each person. you can also use a (LES). Medicine Taking medicine for GERD is the option most people choose first. Surgery For some people, surgery can improve GERD symptoms and lower the amount of medicine they need. More Symptoms. What causes it? Chest pain Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) Dry cough Sore throat Regurgitation of food or sour liquid (acid reflux) Sensation of a lump in your throat Risk factors What are the Symptoms? Obesity Bulging of top of stomach up into the diaphragm Pregnancy Smoking Dry mouth Asthma Diabetes Delayed stomach emptying Connective tissue disorders Treatment for heartburn and other signs and symptoms of GERD usually begins with over-the-counter medications that control acid. If you don't experience relief within a few weeks, your doctor may recommend other treatments, including medications and surgery. Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disease. GERD occurs when stomach acid or, occasionally, stomach content, flows back into your food pipe (esophagus). The backwash (reflux) irritates the lining of your esophagus and causes GERD Video!! GERD is caused by frequent acid reflux — the backup of stomach acid or bile into the esophagus.When you swallow, the lower esophageal sphincter — a circular band of muscle around the bottom part of your esophagus — relaxes to allow food and liquid to flow down into your stomach. Then it closes again. The outcome What is the treatment? What is it? Heartburn, also called acid indigestion, is the most common symptom of GERD and usually feels like a burning chest pain beginning behind the breastbone and moving upward to the neck and throat. Many people say it feels like food is coming back into the mouth leaving an acid or bitter taste GERD By:Katie Worden

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