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Scientific Research

Transcript: Jalen Patel Science 8 Oregon Trail Academy Practices and Processes of Scientific Research Throughout the unit, we learned: Ways in which scientific research is conducted How social forces influence scientific priorities How basic scientific research may, or may not, support medical applications for human health Introduction Introduction Current research builds on prior understanding. Scientific and educational priorities are influenced by the health concerns of the time. Science Through The Centuries Science Through the Centuries There are two kinds of research: Basic and Applied Basic Research Applied Research Should citizens determine funding for scientific research? Who Should Decide? Who Should Decide? Research Process Collaboration Researchers need to collaborate with each other to complement their knowledge and skills, and expand the data they can utilize in a publication. Scientists often discuss and refine their methods in collaboration with others Includes sharing initial data, reviewing other methods, and to give critical feedback in order to redesign the existing protocol for the next set of trials. Scientists have built upon and revised each other’s work Working together with others toward a goal Company that makes everything from batteries to shampoo was founded by two brothers-in-law. William Procter was a candlemaker from England and James Gamble was a soapmaker from Ireland. P & G is a great example of a company that was formed through collaboration between two individuals, with only two products at first. Eventually, they diversified into a wide range of products being sold worldwide. Procter & Gamble Procter & Gamble Role of Science and Society Citizens and social needs influence research directions The biomedical research process requires active participation by scientists, consumers, clinicians, citizens, and research participants. Scientific research can be based on citizens' needs Citizens should have input on research projects In Science Through the Centuries, we saw that scientific priorities are influenced by the social and health concerns of the time. There is new technology released during each century. As the medical/research community learned more about the cause of diabetes, targeted treatments could be developed. Historical Example Historical Example Scientific research is not only about advancing knowledge, but also about responding to the most important challenges facing citizens. Citizens and Challenges Translational Research Ethical Guidelines There are ethical guidelines that scientists follow in every stage of research. Basic Research: Scientists and researchers at every level are trained in the ethical conduct of research which entails the use of and need for: collaboration, peer review, multiple trials, skepticism, and rules against falsifying data. Animal Research: People working with animals follow The 3 Rs as ethical guidelines. Replacement Replacement Replacing conscious, living vertebrates with cell or tissue cultures, computer models, simulation models, and/or less developed animal species to the extent possible. Reduction Reduction Using the fewest number of animals possible in a research project to gain valid results. Refinement Refinement Using any technique or procedure that minimizes distress or enriches the life of an animal used in research. Also, FDA requires that research results are reviewed and approved before releasing a drug to the market. FDA Example The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires information on the results of animal studies, manufacturing information, and procedures for upcoming clinical trials before humans can be used in drug research. Conclusion Conclusion We have roles and responsibilities as science students, members of society, users of medications, potential taxpayers, and future voters Research may lead to studies involving both animals and humans and may come to the availability of new treatments and medications. Being a Scientifically Literate Citizen Scientific literacy is the knowledge and understanding of scientific concepts and processes. My actions in multiple settings will reflect knowledge of the process of scientific research. Scientific Literacy Scientific Literacy Thank You Thank You!

Scientific Research

Transcript: Scientific Research Patterns or trends in the environment Provide evidence in support of an idea or theory Develop a new technology or product Scientific Research contains experimentation and investigation. Biggest Example: It was only 150 years ago that: People were dying of smallpox and tuberculosis and many were killed The best way of transportation was animal-drawn wagons and wind-powered boats Most peopled lived on a farm and grew their own food Scientific Research has changed life dramatically and continues to. Inventions and Jobs The internet and computers today give examples of new job opportunities like web-site designer or computer programmers in our society today Scientific research has helped identify environmental problems, and also help solve and improve many of these problems. Plastic is again an example. The invention helped greatly to improve human life, but it has affected the environment. Plastic is non-biodegradable. Since we use plastic so much, the amount of plastic waste keeps increasing. Researchers are still studying ways for this problem to be solved or improved along with many others. Society Changes Today Biologists both investigate and experiment on the function, structure and life cycles of organisms and relationship between other organisms and their environment Impact on Society Scientific Research with Biologists design by Dóri Sirály for Prezi Research can lead to many changes. An example from the 860s: Billiard players were looking for new material for billiard balls Researchers began experimenting with materials. The result was John Wesley Hyatt developing celluloid, which is now called plastic. Celluloid was then used for many other things, too. Plastics today are used for a wide variety of things Through experimentation and investigation, scientists can discover many things Biologists will also work and investigate in the field. The things they do in the field can range from research in tropical rain forests , or helping protect endangered species Biologists will work closely with experts in other branches, too. Internet and computers are changing the way we live. Work that needed to be somewhere specific can now be preformed almost anywhere. Scientific Research in the Field Impact on the Environment New research and technology resulted in a change of work for society . When new job opportunities become available, existing jobs became unnecessary. The refrigerator is a example of this. A hundred years ago workers in the US cut ice from frozen lakes and stored it in warehouses to keep cool in the summer. When the refrigerator came into play, those workers weren't needed. Biologists also culture tissue from people who are ill to identify the pathogens causing diseases The biologist will both investigate and research extinct organisms in order to classify them 3D:The Impact of Research on Society and the Environment. Our society is changing all the time and work is an example How Scientific Research Affects Society and the Environment

Scientific Research

Transcript: Top Organizations to Recieve Federal Money Sources In the U.S.A, government funded research only accounts for about 36% of the funding The majority of that is spent on basic research and military research and development. Some of the funding comes from non-profit organizations (The American Cancer Society) Our opinion. Without the help of the government, our technology and discoveries would not be as advanced as it is today. For Example : The Hubble Space Telescope would not have been invented and we would not have as many scientific accomplishments Barack Obama also supports Government funded research. National Institutes of Health -Medical research Department of Energy - Responsible for nation's energy program NASA - Nation's space program National Science Foundation - Supports research in all areas of science Department of Agriculture - Funds research projects to improve crop yields and develop new strains of plants for crops 3. http://undsci.berkeley.edu/article/who_pays Should the Government Fund Scientific Research? Much of the scientific research in the U.S.A is federally funded. This means that taxpayers, a.k.a us, are paying for the research. What do you think? The largest research funding comes from private companies. It is a common myth that funding is based on a competitive criteria. This has a little truth to it. This means that funding is handed out by means of importance. By: Maddie Ahnafield, Elizabeth McIntyre, Jenni Castoe, and Brianna Adams 1. http://www.policymic.com/debates/3165/gove rnment-should-continue-to-fund-scientific-research We believe that the government should continue to fund scientific research. Without it, we would not be as advanced in the scientific aspects of our society. I think that we should all be willing to contribute to our scientific advancements, such as medical research for diseases. 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funding_of_science 4. http://www.wgbhnews.org/post/30-issues-what-do-you-think-about-funding-scientific-research

scientific research

Transcript: مhave you ever gone in ajourney WHEn WHY inside the Human mind ? If you haven't gone before, don't worry let's come with us . first our mind can obtain information from many resources through our life , may be from school, parents, friends and every new action would learn us a new information first our mind can obtain information from many resources through our life , m... or we see astrange phenomenon for us, then we begin to ask questions about it, observe it and do eperiments which could lead to have answers about our questions or we see astrange phenomenon for us, then we begin to ask questions about ... this operation and our questions are the basic of the scientific research. this operation and our questions are the basic of the scientific research. WHAT What is this research ? research -research is simply the process of finding solutions to problems after a through study and analysis . -it comparises a series of well-thought-out and carefully executed steps that are designed with the goal of finding an answer to a certain question . - it's like going on an adventure, you need to know what you are looking for basic vs. applied research -basic: when the solution to a resear... basic vs. applied research -basic: when the solution to a research problem has no apparent application to any practical problem in the world, but only is to generate abody of knowledge to satisfy the scholarly interest of the researcher -applied: when the solution to a research problem does have practical consequences e.g. a disease needs therapy. IQ before doing our research, we should answer 3 questions. the first question : why we do this research ? the first question : why we do this research ? the second one : how we can do it ? the second one : how we can do it ? the third one : what are the steps we should follow and the skills that should be available ? the third one : what are the steps we should follow and the skills that should ... method the scientific method to do research involves 7 steps . scientific method steps' 1-make an observation a broad problem area . 2- define the problem statement that includes the general objective and research question . 3- gather information/literature search . 4-make a guess/develop hypotheses. 5- define methodology and do experiment . 6- data collection and analysis . 7- data interpretation/make conclusions . you should know that you don't need to be super genius to be a good researcher . HOW to be a researcher you just should have the skills and ethics of research . to be a researcher you just should have the skills and ethics of research . first, the skills : 1- you should have acommand of what is happening in your subject . 2- you must be able to discover where you can make a useful contribution . 3- you should be patient, independent and should know the right way of writing. 4- you should communicate your results in the professional arena . first, the skills : 1- you should have acommand of what is happening in your subje... research ethics : - honestly report data, results, methods and procedures -don't fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data. - avoid careless errors and negligence. - carefully examine your own work of your peers . -don't used unpublished data or methods without permission - avoid plagiarism, wasteful and duplicative publication. research ethics : - honestly report data, results, methods and procedur... finally, the path of scientific research is not a smooth path . it's full of hitches and tunnels but at the end of the tunnels , there is the light that will brighten our life . finally, the path of scientific research is not a smooth path . it's full of hitches a... it worth to do your best, as every mind makes a difference . it worth to do your best, as every mind makes a difference . made by : eslabg-139 -yasmin abd alaziz -yahya ibrahim -rona mido -reda mohamed ahmed -samar sa'ad made by : eslabg-139 -yasmin abd alaziz -yahya ibrah...

Scientific research

Transcript: Test YOURS??? Research Research idea & question 1) Bring clarity and focus to your research problem 2) Broadening your knowledge base in your research area 3) Enabling you to contextualize your findings 4) Improving your research methodology 5) stay up-to-date 6) Inspiration for new ideas 7) Role model طب Why?!! Scientific Research Research can be in anything...about any thing Where ?!! Steps involved in conducting a literature review Research idea could have many researches question , each research question or more may be included in one research project. What is research?! WORK SHOP ??!!!!! solutions to problems depend upon knowlege which only research can provide Dr/Radwa khaled Qualified Researcher Research question 1)How stress’s contributing to cardiovascular disease? 2)What’s the relationship between breast cancer genes and breast cancer in Egyptian women? 3)What’s the relation between smoking and urinary bladder cancer ? 4)What are the risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture among Egyptian women aged equal or more than 50 years old ? 5)What is the relation between the total organization performance and the net income? what The Difference Research idea How to reach an idea? Literature review has the following functions: *Collecting your sources “searching for the existence literature” *Reviewing the selected literature *Arrange and grouping *Summarize Re = repeat search = investigate SOoOo Research mean to repeat a search about atopic or issue # is a hunt for the truth # is the way you educate your self # use of knowledge to device new application scientific Research “Science” VS& “Knowledge continue??? *Search about problems in your research interest *Read papers *Search on the net *Read in science *Brain storm *Go to scientific conferences

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