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Science Fair Presentation

Transcript: How Sumatran Fruit extract affects the growth of mold? Sydney: If I put star fruit or sirsak extract on moldy bread then it will stop or slow the growth of mold. Milena: If mold grows in humid places, then the fruit extract will increase the growth of mold. Because not only will it contribute nutrients to the bread, but it will also increase the humidity in the air to help the mold grow. Variable: · Independent: Different types of fruit extract · Dependent: Rate of mold growth · Controlled: Bread, moisture, climate, time http://photodictionary.com/phrase/5476/star-fruit.html Conclusion Variables • Independent: Different types of fruit extract • Dependent: growth of mold. • Controlled: Bread, moisture, climate, time Data http://www.crateandbarrel.com/outlet/kitchen-storage/fido-5-liter-jar-with-clamp-lid/s495151 http://ahartawan.blogspot.com/2010/07/obat-kanker-dari-buah-dan-daun-sirsak.html Variables http://www.coupondad.net/blog/ziploc- printable-coupon-march-2011 Materials http://www.coldsteel-uk.com/store/Kitchen-Knives.html Procedure http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coffee-filter.jpg http://greetingarts.typepad.com/greetingarts/2009/02/gotta-love-that-sharpie-marker.html Limitations and Suggestions A few factors could have limited the accuracy for this experiment: Different area of boxes Trials started at different times One box closer to the window than others Lids different sizes Fruit extract not always refrigerated http://www.webstaurantstore.com/silicone-pot-holder-pair/167802SPH2.html After the extract was made, we put the pieces of bread into ziploc bags and put them into boxes. We then sprayed each piece of bread two times with their assigned extract every three days. We calculated the mass by using an electronic gram scale and recorded our information, and put it into an Exel document. According to our data the fruit extract does affect the growth of mold, but not by a lot. http://www.directindustry.com/cat/materials-chemicals-adhesives-lubrication/bonding-adhesive-tapes-J-512.html http://www.busytrade.com/selling-leads/953849/Sell-Knitting-String.html http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/08/17/life-advice-it-is-not-safe-to-eat-moldy-food-even-if-you-cut-off-the-mold/ http://dc-electric.en.made-in-china.com/product/dMXJFmvUbQlp/China-Electric-Stove-DC-003N-.html

science fair board

Transcript: 3D Atom which cleans pennies the best lemons or limes Introduction About what my topic is about The Science What juice cleans dity pennies the best lemon juice or lime juice? + The positive aspects about my experiment are it's a cool topic to learn about and the experiment is safe to do. Also you get to learn lot's of fun facts, about lemons and limes, and how lemon and lime juice react to the metals in the penny. Positive Aspects _ The negative aspects are,it might not turn out the way you want it to. For instance the lemon juice might not clean the penny at all, the juices could dirty the penny more, and or the juices could react to the metal in the penny. Negative Aspects My visual research Show & Tell FACTS ABOUT PENNIES Newer pennies are made mostly of zinc. Here's the history, according to the U.S. Mint: From 1837 to 1857, the cent was made of bronze ( 95% copper, 5% tin and zinc). From 1857, the cent was 88% copper and 12% nickel, giving the coin a whitish appearance. https://www.livescience.com/32401-what's-a-penny-made-of. html As you can see I have a PH scale with different food and there acidity. PH scale PH scale lemons and limes acidity is a # 9 on this chart IN the catigory of Citric acids the fruits that fall under the citric acid are lemons, limes, oranges, pineaple, and strawberries. fruit acids fruit acids Fun fact strawberries are not berries. fruits that contain malic acid are apples, bannas, cherrys, watermelon,and red grapes. Acids commily have a sour taste like Lemons and limes, it's not safe to eat most acids. So be carefull. Some Know Properties Of Acids Some Know Properties Of Acids Reactivity chart Reactivity chart different metals and identefying reactions different metals and identefying reactions Metal Reactions Atomic Ideas Zoom My idea is to make a penny cleaner with lemon and lime juice The reaction between the metal on the penny,the aicd from the different juices,and to see which one lemons or limes cleans the dirty penny best. Even the Smallest Details! Go Viral Brainstorm see what ideas you come up with to improve your experement. .?.^__^ ^.^ Make sure your test container is non-reactive to your test materials. This will help with clearer test results. Better test results Better test results Use more than one source and dubble check your references. Good Info Good Info Make sure it's nice and neat More Good Info More Good Info Contact Info Control The lemon juice corroded the meatale in the dime the same way the lime juice corrroded the pennies. Also the lemon juice turned a reddish tone. So what you see here is a penny that has been cleaned , by lemon juice lemon results lemon results lime result lime result The lime juice made the pennies rust.

Science Fair Presentation

Transcript: Graphs First, remove four cards from the stack of 20 Second, go through the magazine or newspaper with a pen and choose four pictures Cut out the four chosen pictures Pick up a picture one at a time, place small dots of glue on the edges, and place it on a card Select five color pencils or crayons of your choice Draw medium-large sized circles in the middle of the card until you have used all of the colors and cards Procedures # 1-6 Twenty 3'in x 4'in index cards Female D Pick up all of the cards Mix up the cards so that they are in no particular order Then, Show each card for two seconds until you return to the original starting card Set the timer to five minutes and tell the students that they may begin Once the timer goes off pick up the Subject Response Sheets Record the results in log book and write results on the Summary Sheets Wait 30 minutes to begin a new trial Crayons or color pencils Is Memory Retention Affected by Gender? Elexis Thompson 4B Lominick Magazine or Newspaper Four picture cards (with pictures taken from magazine or newspaper) The conclusion is that the hypothesis was correct. The data showed that females did retain more information than males. The females’ average number of retained information was 15 and the males average number of retained information was 12. Recent studies on sex differences indicated that females thrived in normal memory tasks such as remembering words, objects, and everyday events. The studies also indicated that males outdid females in remembering non-verbal information. The closeness of the amount of retained information may be due to the participation of both genders in honors classes. To further test whether or not memory is affected by gender the amount of items tested, the amount of participants, and the amount of information provided should be increased. Female B Materials: Purpose Procedures # 13- 19 Pen Hypothesis Remove five more cards from the pile Label each card with one of the following numbers: 20, 40 , 87, 209, 254 Pick up the remaining six cards Label each card with one of the following words: Hamburger, School, Mushroom, Tiger, Wolf, Chair Explain to the subject that they will be shown twenty cards total. Also, explain to the subjects that they will have two seconds to view each card, and that once they finish they will have five minutes to record what they remember on the Subject Response Sheets. Female C The purpose of this project is to test and determine whether memory is affected by gender Graphs 1 glue stick If five males and five females of equal age are tested for memory retention in the same environment, then females would retain the most information Procedures # 7-12 One Copy of summary sheets 10 copies of subject response sheets 11 sharpened pencils Constant/Controlled Variables: Pictures Colors Numbers Words Environment Type of cards Amount of females Amount of males Amount of cards Time Conclusion Graphs Independent Variables: Gender scissors Dependent Variables: Amount of information retained Female E Variables Female A six word cards

Science Fair Board Samantha

Transcript: Magnetic Pendulum Patterns "Chaotic Pendulum." Chaotic Pendulum. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. <http://www.maths.uq.edu.au/~infinity/Infinity9/pendulum.html>. "How It Works." How It Works. Web. 14 Mar. 2014. <http://www.calacademy.org/products/pendulum/page8.htm>. "Magnetic Field Basics." Physics4Kids.com: Electricity & Magnetism: Magnetic Fields. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. <http://www.physics4kids.com/files/elec_magneticfield.html>. "University of Birmingham." Chaotic Motion. Web. 12 Mar. 2014. <http://www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/chemical- engineering/weblab/Introduction-to-Chaos/Chaotic-Motion/index.aspx>. Conclusions Procedure If the pattern of the magnets is changed, will the time of the of the bob's swing change? If the pattern of the magnets is changed, than the time of the bob's swing will change because the magnetic field would have been changed, and the magnetic bob would have been pulled to a different field. Hypothesis First, put the magnets in a triangle pattern. Push the magnetic bob and time it’s swing. After timing the pendulum’s swing 10 times, change the pattern. For, example, you could put the magnets in a line or maybe a circle instead. Do this ten times, recording the time of the bob’s swing. Make sure to watch the pendulum carefully to avoid making a mistake or missing a stopping point. Maybe try a few other patterns for better results. One pattern that I tried was a stacked pattern where the magnets were stacked on top of each other. Materials Question By: Samantha Blackman Results Background Research My hypothesis was correct, and when the magnet’s pattern is changed, the time of the swing will change, too. The difference between the slowest and fastest times averages was 9.5803 seconds, and were not very far from each other. The pendulum’s pattern was very different between stacked and scattered. The stacked kept the bob in one spot, but the scattered moved the bob around more, and further distances. In conclusion, the experiment went well and the results helped to explain what happened to the bob’s pattern, and went well with the background information. Some problems that might have been run into could be the bob getting stuck to the pendulum, which would happen when swinging the bob. The timing may have been off, because when the pendulum slowed down, the timer may have stopped to early or to late, resulting in outliers in the information. Some errors could be the pattern of the magnets from day to day. The pattern would be one way one day, then the next it would be re created, but different, so it might effect the pendulum time. All together, most problems were fixed, like how the magnets would stick together at random times, and the experiment went smoothly. The results helped with the conclusions and other information by adding facts to back up the research and hypothesis. One example is the time of the swing change and average times, like in the first paragraph. The times of the swing’s average helped to show that the slowest and fastest times were not so far apart from each other. To take this a step further, you could experiment with new types of magnets. Stronger magnets may create a new outcome, such as less predictable patterns. Another way you could look into this further would be testing new types of string to see how flexible it may be. Stiffer string may make the bob move in more jolting movement instead of smooth swings. The results can help to take this a step further by comparing your times to the old average. Overall, the results will really help further research and proving a point to information, such as this experiment. In this experiment, the magnets will be put into a different pattern instead of the usual triangle pattern. You will need: • A magnetic pendulum (found on http://howtosmile.org/record/2814) • 4-6 magnets (any kind will work) A magnet is an object that gives off a magnetic field. A magnet works with the poles attracting and rejecting each other’s forces. There are negative and positive charges. The negative charges attract positive charges and the other way around. A pendulum moves using gravity and movements of the earth. The earth’s movement tilts the pendulum’s bob and makes it move one way, then the gravity pulls the bob back down, and back, and down again. The inertia of a pendulum makes it swing out, and then gravity pulls it down. Inertia is the bob’s resistance to a change in motion. Chaotic motion is the movement of random angles and other unpredicted movements. Even though the movements may seem random, the motion has a hard to follow pattern. An example would be a magnetic pendulum, which has a pattern, but the pattern is hard to pick up on. The magnetic pendulum is moved by chaotic motion, which is caused by the magnets attracting and rejecting each other’s forces. Chaotic motion makes the pendulum move randomly in different fashions. When working on this project, you really need to pay attention to due dates and what is due. Make sure to get things

Science Fair Presentation

Transcript: I believe that the weight of the rocks will be affected by the salt in the salt water. I believe that the volume change will be greater in the samples from the salt water test than the fresh water test because salt water is heavier than fresh water. I believe that the weight of the rocks will be affected by the hot water in the temperature test. I believe that the hot water will cause the rocks to expand allowing them to absorb more water than with room temperature water. Hot and Thirsty Do water temperature and the presence of sodium chloride in the water have an influence on the ability of the water to move into the rocks? I was curious if the introduction of heat and salt to water would affect the permeability of rocks. My research question is: Do water temperature and the presence of sodium chloride in the water have an influence on the ability of the water to move into the rocks? My hypothesis is that both will have an effect. I tested 27 rock samples in four trials. The rocks were soaked for 1 hour in 74°F fresh water, 200°F fresh water, 74°F salt water, and 200°F salt water. I weighed the rocks before and after to calculate the change in weight. I placed each rock in a graduated cylinder with water and measured the change in the level of the water to determine the volume. I divided the weight change by the rock’s volume to find the percentage of change to each rock’s volume. All of the rock types were affected by the increased temperature and the addition of salt. The trials with 200°F water had higher percentages of change than the trials with 74°F water. The trials with salt water had higher percentages of change than the 74°F fresh water trial, but had lower percentages of change than the trial with 200°F fresh water. The greatest percentage of change was with the trial with 200°F fresh water. I believe the results suggest that heat caused the pores to be more receptive to taking in water and that permeability was reduced due to the interaction of the heat and salt. Trial 1 74°F Fresh Water Average - 6.368% Trial 2 200°F Fresh Water Average - 8.829% Trial 3 74°F Salt Water Average - 7.283% Trial 4 200°F Salt Water Average - 7.766% Trial 1 - 4 Average - 10.08% Conclusion Gates, Alexander E., and David Ritchie. "Interstice." Infobase Learning - Login. Science Online, n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2012. <http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE40>. Lerner, K. L., Brenda Wilmoth Lerner, and Gale Cengage. "Porosity and Permeability." Enotes.com. Enotes.com, 2003. Web. 02 Oct. 2012. <http://www.enotes.com/porosity-permeability-reference/>. Nurmi, Roy. "Porosity." PlanetSEED. N.p., 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. <http://www.planetseed.com/posted_faq/49491>. Singh, Bhawani, and R. K. Goel. Rock Mass Classification: A Practical Approach in Civil Engineering. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999. 219-29. Print. Thompson, Gale. "World of Chemistry, Sodium Chloride." Bookrags.com. N.p., 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. <www.bookrags.com/research/sodiumchloride-woc>. Webb, Cy. "Effect of Temperature and Salinity on Surface Tension of Water." Education.com. N.p., 2012. Web. 03 Oct. 2012. <http://www.education.com/science-fair/article/effect-temperature-surface-tension/>. Results Materials Bibliography I found that all of the rock types were affected by the change in temperature of the water and the addition of salt to the water. The trials with heated water had higher percentages of volume change than the trials with room temperature water. Both of the trials with salt water had higher percentages of volume change than the room temperature fresh water trial, but had lower percentages of volume change than the trial with heated fresh water. The greatest percentage of volume change was with the trial with heated fresh water. Hypothesis Make spreadsheet to record data. Set out 27 containers and label them 1 through 27. Place all of the rocks in an oven safe pan and place in an oven that has been preheated to 200°F, to remove all moisture. Bake in the oven for 1 hour. Remove the rocks and allow them to thoroughly cool overnight. Take pictures of all rocks and add them to the log book spreadsheet. Print and add to the log book. Place rock #1 on a gram sensitive scale, measure and record its weight in the log book. Calculate the volume of rock #1. Fill a measuring cup with 50 to 300 ml of water (varied based on size of rock). Record the water level in the log book. Place each rock in the container and record the new water level in the log book. Deduct the original amount of water from the amount of water with the rock in the cup. Record the data in the log book. Trial 1: Place rock #1 in container #1 and cover with at least 1” of 74°F fresh water. Record the time in log book. Calculate the time it will be 1.5 hours later and record in the log book as the time of removal. Repeat steps 5 through 8 for rocks #2 through #27. Remove rock #1 at the removal time and dry off excess water. Place rock #1 on the scale, measure and record its weight in the

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