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pricing presentation

Transcript: PRICing strategy Pricing objectives Pricing Objectives SALES OR MARKET SHARE (a price lower than the high quality competitors but higher than the classic quality competitors) PROFIT (25% of margin) CONSUMER SATISFACTION (It's our best quality product) Estimation of the demand Estimation of demand We did a survey to estimate customers' Willingness-to-pay for our 300g package of Crackheart Results Results On average the highest price consumers are willing to pay is 3,90€ On average the ideal price for consumers is 3,50€ On average consumers will buy 11 bags of Crackheart per year Estimation Estimation of the demand Target 25 - 55 years Population of this age group in France : approximately 25 millions Estimation : 1% of them will consume our product, so about 250 000 We estimate they will buy 10 per year We could expect to sell 2 500 000 bags of Crackheart per year Cost Costs Fixed cost 870 000€ per year Variable cost 3 500 000€ per year Total cost 4 370 000€ per year Fixed cost for a year : 870 000€ Rent : 500 000€ Equipment : 20 000€ the machine cost 200 000€ and we think it will work 10 years (200 000 : 10) Executive pay : 300 000€ Maintenance : 50 000€ Cost for 1Kg of Crackheart : 3,79€ Raw material : 3,28€ 4kg of potato : 2,00€ 600g of bolognese : 0,48€ 2L of oil : 0,80€ Staff : 0,01€ Packaging : 0,50€ 1kg of bolognese : 0,80€ 1kg of potato : 0,50€ 1L of oil : 0,40€ Variable cost for a year : 3 500 000€ (cost for a 300g bag 1,14) 1,14 x 2 500 000 Cost of a bag of Crackheart 1,75€ With a margin of 25% we earn 0,58€ per bag We sell the bag 2,33€ at the retailers Competitor's Prices Competitors We expect sell our product to consumers 3,29€ (10,97€ per Kg) with a 50% margin for supermarkets, it would be between high quality chips (Tyrrells, N.A!) and classic quality chips (Lays, Pringles, Curly) Cost for 1 bag : 1,75€ Sale price to mass-distribution : 2,19€ Sale price to consumers : 3,29€ SALES OR MARKET SHARE : a price lower than the high quality competitors but higher than the classic quality competitors PROFIT : 25% of margin CONSUMER SATISFACTION : It's our best quality product Accomplished objectives

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Transcript: and subtitle We have the conclusion. So make any final notes you can think of, within this box. Then make jokes. Tear off your break away pants. Party. Example Title Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Mustache Coalition And Finally, Mega Point #1 Social Media Because who doesn't? With Bullet Points Because People Love Bullet Points Also, Mustaches

Pricing Presentation

Transcript: by - Abhay, Justin and Shawn PRICE Definition Price - Definition Price refers to the amount of money a customer is prepared to offer in exchange for a product. A price set too high could mean lost sales unless superior benefits are offered. A price set too low may give customers the impression that the product is ‘cheap and nasty’. Somewhere between these extremes is a correct price for a product. For example, clothes with designer labels, such as Nike, Bardot, Roxy and Billabong, these labels can set higher prices for their garments than clothing sold under the Target or Kmart brand labels. Information on Pricing Information Methods Pricing Methods For pricing a product, the business must consider many factors like competition, regulations, level of economic activity and location. The Three main pricing methods are: - Cost-based - Market-based - Competition-based Pricing method provides ‘Basic price’ for each product. Basic price is adjusted depending on the marketing objectives and conditions within the workplace. It is a pricing method derived from the cost of producing or purchasing a product and then adding a markup. Markup is a predetermined percentage that a business adds to the cost of a product to determine its basic price. Cost + (Cost × Markup percentage) = Price Cost-based Pricing Cost-Based If a manager of a clothing store buys 100 t-shirts at $50 each and applies an 80% markup on cost, the price to the consumer will be $90 per item. This same percentage mark-up might be applied to all products in the store. Example of Cost-based Pricing Example 1. Difficulty in accurately determining an appropriate markup percentage. 2. The product is priced after production and associated costs are incurred without talking into account the other elements of the marketing mix or state of the market. Disadvantages of Cost-based Pricing Disadvantages It is a method of setting prices according to the interactions between the levels of supply and demand, whatever the market is prepared to pay. Supply is the quantity of a product businesses are willing to offer for sale at a particular price. Demand is the quantity of a product consumers are willing to purchase at a particular price. When demand for a product is greater than it’s supply, there will be a shortage in the market. Conversely, when the supply of a product is greater than its demand, a surplus will exist in the market. Market-based Pricing Market-Based Shortage example, if 100 prospective buyers attend an art auction but there is only one particular type of painting offered for sale, the price will rise. As the price rises, buyers will progressively drop out of bidding until the final buyer is successful. Surplus example, bananas are cheaper in summer months. Examples of Market-based Pricing Exmaple However, this method can be difficult to apply because the levels of supply and demand will constantly change. Disadvantages of Market-based Pricing Disadvantages It is where the price covers costs (costs of raw materials and the cost of operating the business) and is comparable to the competitor’s price. Most products are available from more than one business. Businesses, therefore, need to consider the competition when making their pricing decisions as consumers compare prices during a major purchase. Once a business has established a base price, it can then decide to choose a price either: below to that of competitor, equal to that of competitor or above to that of competitor. Competition-based Pricing Competition-Based Competition-based pricing is often used when there is a high degree of competition from businesses producing similar products. Strategies Pricing Strategies Once the basic price has been set using the pricing method(s), the business will fine tune this price in line with its pricing strategy. It’s common for a business to use multiple pricing strategies at once even for the same product. The use of the strategy depends on: - Its marketing objectives - The life cycle of the product - The market for the product - The degree of product differentiation - The level of economic activity Example: Internet and e-commerce expansion weakened some businesses control on the prices. For example the widespread use of bundle pricing common with telecommunications businesses, as evidenced by the advertisements from mobile phone companies, internet providers and cable television operators offering all kinds of packages. Information on Pricing strategies Information The pricing strategy will have to be modified depending on changes within the external business environment, especially technology influences. It occurs when a business charges the highest possible price for the product during the introduction stage of its life cycle. Early purchasers (adopters) of innovative electronic equipment fall into this category. The objective is to recover the costs of research and development as quickly as possible, before competition enters the market. For example, Price

Pricing Presentation

Transcript: Pricing 101 What is price? A: Price is the value of money ( or its equivalent) placed on a good or service. 3 Basic Principles of Pricing are... Selling price must be higher than costs Price is determined by what the market will stand Maximize profit Pricing Strategies ... equalibrium- price that a seller is willing to sell and customer is willing to buy Cost oriented: calculate cost and expenses, add projected profit Demand oriented: attempt to determine what present customers are willing to pay for given goods and services Competition oriented: price above, in line, or price under competition, no relation to cost of product or supply and demand, prices based solely on competitors price What does elastic mean? Change in price creates change in demand Basic needs Determine dollar amount Growth- increasing profit, competition increases, modifications begin Maturity- profits drop, competition heavy, marketers search for other targets Decline- profits could be smaller than cost, price discounts evident- discount stores Objective based on belief that certain prices or price ranges make a good or service more appealing than others to customers Price is directly involved in the success or failure of a business. Inelastic? 3 Basic Pricing Strategies... Companies fall into 3 categories... What is a mark- down? What is phychological pricing?

Pricing Presentation

Transcript: Zoom out for more assets Asset library Loss Leader One Price Skimming Pricing an item at cost or below to create customer traffic. All customers pay the same price. Introduces new products at a very high price. Prestige Psychological Seasonal Discount Creates illusion for customers. Penetration Setting a higher than average price to target customers seeking status and high quality. Prestige pricing is based on consumer perception of the product’s value. Flexable Offered to customers who buy during times when normal sales are low. Uses a lower than normal price to introduce a new product in order to capture a large market share. Allows customers to negotiate the price of the product. Multiple Unit Allows customers to negotiate the price of the product. Special Events Prices are reduced for a short period of time, such as a holiday sale. Group Packages Pricing Offer special ticket prices to members of a group when tickets are purchased in large quantities. Point 4 Everyday Low Are low prices that are set on a consistent basis with no intention of raising them or offering discounts in the future. Pricing Strategies Price Lines Distinct categories of prices based on differences in product quality and features. Bundle Pricing Selling Several products as a package for a set price Quantity Discount Offered to customers who buy in large quantities.

Presentation Template.

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Transcript: Wisdom does not flow like water Plato’s Critique of Pederasty Pederasty Background Symposium Pederasty My Project Pausanias' Speech Pausanias' Speech Two Aphrodites Uranian Heavenly Pandemos Common Text Text Pictures Pictures "Here, Socrates, lie down alongside me, so that by my touching you, I too may enjoy the piece of wisdom that just occurred to you while you were in the porch. It is plain that you found it and have it, for otherwise you would not have come away beforehand." Agathon and Socrates “It would be a good thing, Agathon, if wisdom were the sort of thing that flows from the fuller of us into the emptier, just by our touching one another, as the water in wine cups flows through a wool thread from the fuller to the emptier. For if wisdom too is like that, then I set a high price on my being placed alongside you, for I believe I shall be filled from you with much fair wisdom. My own may turn out to be a sorry sort of wisdom, or disputable like a dream; but your own is brilliant and capable of much development, since it has flashed out so intensely from you while you are young; and yesterday it became conspicuous among more than thirty thousand Greek witnesses." "You are outrageous, Socrates," Agathon said. "A little later you and I will go to court about our wisdom, with Dionysus as judge, but now first attend to dinner." how water flows Principle at play When they do engage in a contest about love Timeline YEAR Alcibiades' Speech Socrates, he claims, is like “those silenuses that sit in the shops of herm sculptors, the ones that craftsman make holding reed pipes or flutes; and if they are split in two and opened up they show they have images of gods within.” (215b) Alcibiades' Speech You, in my opinion,' I said, 'have proved to be the only deserving lover of mine; and it seems to me that you hesitate to mention it to me. Now I am in this state: I believe it is very foolish not to gratify you in this or anything else of mine—my wealth or my friends—that you need; for nothing is more important to d me than that I become the best possible; and I believe that, as far as I am concerned, there is no one more competent than you to be a fellow helper to me in this. So I should be far more ashamed before men of good sense for not gratifying a man like you than I should be before the many and senseless for gratifying you.' Seduction Scene 'Really, my dear Alcibiades, you're no sucker if what you say about me is really true and there is some power in me e through which you could become better. You must see, you know, an impossible beauty in me, a beauty very different from the fairness of form in yourself. So if, in observing my beauty, you are trying to get a share in it and to exchange beauty for beauty, you are intending to get far the better deal. For you are trying to acquire the truth of beautiful things in exchange for the seeming and opinion of beautiful things; and you really have in mind to exchange "gold for bronze." But blessed one do consider better: Without your being aware of it—I may be nothing. Thought, you know, begins to have keen eyesight when the sight of the eyes starts to decline from its peak; and you are still far from that.' Conclusion conclusion If Socrates were to have sex with Alcibiades, he would perpetuate: 1) the idea that people can make each other wise. impact: prevent Alcibiades from realizing his ignorance about wisdom 2) Alcibiades belief that his physical attractiveness is the most important thing about him impact: the belief could harm Alcibiades as he begins to decline from his physical peak, when “Thought begins to have keen eyesight.” (219a) 3) Socrates would be no better than the sophists who cannot acknowledge the ways in which they are ignorant, and thus, risk self-deception. Advantages Advantages to my account: -Fits with the well-known picture of a Socrates who: 1) proclaims his own ignorance. 2) critiques the Sophists for i. both not acknowledging what they do not know ii. exchanging money for wisdom -Makes explicit the way Plato critiques the customs of his time -Throws into question a vision of Socrates as someone who consistently denies bodily urges -Makes clear that the container model is supposed to function in opposition to the image of pregnancy and birth. Accounts of “Plato’s Appropriation of Reproduction” run these two images together.

Pricing Presentation

Transcript: Pricing Morgan Nicklow Ellie Robinson Premium Marketing and raising the reputation, brand, quality, and price of the product to make it seem better than similar lower priced product. Premium Pricing Artisan foods, fashion products, and Leather Luxury Examples Competitor advantage, increased visibility, and,improved profits. Limited customer base , competition, and marketing. Advantage/disadvantage Effects The product being sold is originally marked up but sold at a "sale price" in hopes of generating revenue and increasing demand. Discount Pricing Discount Effects Able to buy in bulk Able to sell lots at a time Drives sales Effects Examples Holiday pricing Customer loyalty pricing Examples Advantages & Disadvantages Increased revenue More inventory is sold Increases store traffic Advantages Can clear inventory too fast Low price leads consumers to think it is low quality Low prices don't keep loyal customers Some are only looking for the lowest deal Hard to raise prices again Disadvantages

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