APA Format
Transcript: ABSTRACT → Check if your prof requires one. Begin a new page. Your abstract page should already include the page header (described above). On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotation marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do not indent.) Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words. You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, indent as you would if you were starting a new paragraph, type Keywords: (italicized), and then list your keywords. Listing your keywords will help researchers find your work in databases. ONE AUTHOR: Provide the author's last name and the publication year. Smith (1997) compared reaction times... Within a paragraph, you need not include the year in subsequent references. TWO AUTHORS: If there are two authors, include the last name of each and the publication year ...as James and Ryerson (1999) demonstrated... ...as has been shown (James & Ryerson, 1999)... In-Text Citations Why cite sources? In-Text Citations In-Text Citations Books: Mitchell, J.J. (2001). The mental and emotional life of Edited Books: Hare, R.D., & Schalling, D. (Eds.). (1978). Psychopathic Elements of APA murder: The qualities and credibility of homicide narratives by perpetrators. In S. Christianson (Ed.), Offenders’ memories of violent crimes (p. 115-134). New York, NY: Wiley. Chapters in Edited Books: Porter, S., Woodworth, M., & Doucette, N. (2007). Memory for THREE – FIVE AUTHORS: If there are three to five authors, cite all authors the first time; in subsequent citations, include only the last name of the first author followed by "et al." and the year: Williams, Jones, Smith, Bradner, and Torrington (1983) found... Williams et al. (1983) also noticed that.. MORE THAN FIVE AUTHORS: List the first six authors….and the last. Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J.-Y., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L.,...Griffin, W. A. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 843-856. Further citations use et al. teenagers. Calgary, AB: Detselig Enterprises. cognitive behavioural approaches. Retrieved from http://counsellingresource.com/types/cognitive-therapy/ • To add credibility to your paper and to demonstrate that you are engaged with relevant research material. • To avoid plagiarism by following academic integrity guidelines. • To be consistent with present literature. How to Cite Webpage: Mulhauser, G. (2009). An introduction to cognitive therapy & APA Format Journal articles retrieved online with digital object identifier (DOI): Rutherford, B. J. (2006). Reading disability and hemispheric APA Format for Papers When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for example, (Jones, 1998). If you are referring to an idea from another work but NOT directly quoting the material, or making reference to an entire book, article or other work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication and not the page number in your in-text reference. NOTE: APA does not require you to use page numbers for paraphrasing. You are, however, encouraged to use them. All sources that are cited in the text must appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. When using your own words to refer indirectly to another author's work, you must identify the original source. A complete reference must appear in the Reference List at the end of your paper. The American Psychological Association (APA) is mostly used for the publication of scientific papers, lab reports, and papers covering topics in the field of psychology, education, and other social sciences. interaction on a lexical decision task. Brain and Cognition, 60, 55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2005.09.013. Elements of APA References References appear on a separate page at the end of your paper. Center the word References (do not bold, italicize, or use with quotation marks). Continue double spacing. Lists are alphabetized by the author’s last name. behavior: Approaches to research. Chichester, NY: Wiley. There are different elements of an APA paper. They are: TITLE PAGE → The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, and the institutional affiliation. You may also want to include your professor’s name and the deadline of your assignment (see your assignment outline to check for this requirement). Double space your Title Page (APA PAPERS ARE ENTIRELY DOUBLE SPACED). Include the page header flush left at the top of the page. Include the page number flush right at the top of the