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APA Format

Transcript: The in-text citations are important because it shows the reader information in the essay who and when the following: book, sentence, or paper was written. It makes it easier to find the source & shows you didn't plagiarize . The title page is very important because it shows what the paper is about; it's suppose to grab the readers attention. the wild forest. ( This is the incorrect way to write a title page. its not bold & capitalized and its not in the middle of the page) https://owl.english.purdue.edu -Google images https://Highered.mheducation Cont. In-text citations Always capitalize proper nouns, including author names and initials. Ex: D. Jones. If you refer to the title of a source within your paper, capitalize all words that are four letters long or greater within the title of a source. Ex: Permanence and Change. Exceptions apply to short words that are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, & adverbs. Introduction Example of title page Type your title in upper and lowercase letters centered in the upper half of the page. APA recommends that your title be no more than 12 words in length and that it should not contain abbreviations or words that serve no purpose. Your title may take up one or two lines. Importance Today I'm discussing parts of APA formatting. I will be covering the in-text citation and title page. The title page should contain: the title of the paper,Include: - The page header (also known as the "running head") at the top of every page.The running head is a shortened version of your paper's title and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctuation. - The author's name, and the institutional affiliation. Include the page header ;all the way to the left of the page. In the nineteenth century, a woman could be "expected to have weak opinions; but the great safeguard of society and of domestic life was, that opinions were not acted upon" (3). (This information is impossible for a reader to track down because the author's name, a necessary link to the works cited page, is missing.) Reference page Eliot observes, "Women were expected to have weak opinions; but the great safeguard of society and of domestic life was, that opinions were not acted upon." (This is incorrect because no page number is cited. The page number where the quotation appears must be included in a parenthetical reference) Obese children often engage in limited physical activity (Southern & Gordon, 2003, p. 104) Title page APA Format Incorrect Examples Beneath the title, type the author's name: first name, middle initial(s), and last name. Do not use titles (Dr.) or degrees (PhD). Beneath the author's name, type the institutional affiliation, which should indicate the location where the author(s) conducted the research. APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Jones, 1998, p. 199). Incorrect title Example of In-text citations

APA Format

Transcript: The basic Title Page should include (in order): title author's name school (If your instructor provides you with different instructions, follow those). Times New Roman 12 pt. is the recommended font for APA papers (unless otherwise specified by your instructor). Be sure that the font of the header matches the font of the paper. An example APA Title Page Notice how the words "Running head:" appear on the Title Page before the capitalized title. The format differs for the header on the Title Page and for the header on every subsequent page. On every page after the Title Page, only the title of the paper in capitals remains as the header. Microsoft Word help Before you begin to type the first page header, be sure to checkmark the "Different first page" box on the Header options. After you have typed the running head on the first page, you need to enter the page number. To do this, press the "tab" key on your keyboard until you are in the place where your page number should go. Press the "Page Number" button, then select the option "From current position". Now, you will have a page number on your first page. You will have to make a new header for the second page, which will carry on throughout the rest of the paper. If there is no content in your document: Press the Ctrl & Enter keys together to jump to a new page. If there is content in your document: double-click the header on your second page. Now you will need to type in the short title of your paper only (no "Running head:") and insert page number. The next part of an APA paper contains the bulk of the information. The title of the Body should be centered and in 12 point font like the Abstract. It is also important to use the same font throughout to maintain the image of a professional paper. This is the area of the paper where you will include in-text citations as support for your arguments. Citations are a crucial aspect of an APA paper. It is important to properly cite your sources in order to avoid plagiarism. In-text citations are used within a paper to identify to the reader that you have used the thoughts or words of another person. To give that source proper credit, you have to cite references within the text, not only on the Reference page. If you use a direct quote, (taking the author's direct words and pasting them in your paper) the author's last name and the publication date must appear beside eachother. You must include the page number or specific location (paragraph number in a website) where you found the quote. There are a few ways you can include these key pieces of information to cite your quoted text: In 2006, Johnson predicted, "The scarcity of oil in 2030 will allow the auto industry to explore other means of fuel" (p.12). It is also important to realize "the significance of the elections and how your vote will contribute to the future of this country" (Young, 2003, para.3). For paraphrasing, you must include the author's last name and the date of publication when citing within the text. There are a few ways you can include these key pieces of information in your paraphrased text: Williams (2007) found that humans... . In 2007, Williams' study of human behavour found... . The way humans behave while in social sitations is a direct result of the pressure exerted from society (Williams, 2007). The Reference page is the final page(s) of the APA paper. The Reference list encompasses all of the citations used within the paper. It is important to write references to prove to the reader that your sources are valid. The Reference page has the centered title "Reference List" It is the last page of the paper. The text should be double-spaced like the rest of the essay. References are listed in alphabetical order by the first letters of the entry. An example of a single reference on a Reference page Please consult OWL Purdue for more information on referencing sources. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/1/ Congratulations, you've completed the tutorial! Now you are able to format a paper in accordance with the APA format. Direct Quotes http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/basics/index.htm Paraphrasing After viewing this presentation, you will be able to format a paper in accordance with the APA style. APA style is a system that is commonly used within the social sciences. The four main parts of an APA paper are the Title Page, Abstract, Body, and References. A hanging indent is needed for every entry Select all of the entries Press Ctrl & T at the same time In-text citations The introductory paragraph presents the problem the paper will address. This paragraph needs to include the: main topic areas to be examined thesis statement There are typically three main points in an essay, but there can be more or less depending on how you are instructed or choose to structure the paper. Each point presents a different issue that is a branch of the main topic. For example, an essay with the topic of the effects of global warming could examine the

APA Format

Transcript: ABSTRACT → Check if your prof requires one. Begin a new page. Your abstract page should already include the page header (described above). On the first line of the abstract page, center the word “Abstract” (no bold, formatting, italics, underlining, or quotation marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do not indent.) Your abstract should contain at least your research topic, research questions, participants, methods, results, data analysis, and conclusions. Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words. You may also want to list keywords from your paper in your abstract. To do this, indent as you would if you were starting a new paragraph, type Keywords: (italicized), and then list your keywords. Listing your keywords will help researchers find your work in databases. ONE AUTHOR: Provide the author's last name and the publication year. Smith (1997) compared reaction times... Within a paragraph, you need not include the year in subsequent references. TWO AUTHORS: If there are two authors, include the last name of each and the publication year ...as James and Ryerson (1999) demonstrated... ...as has been shown (James & Ryerson, 1999)... In-Text Citations Why cite sources? In-Text Citations In-Text Citations Books: Mitchell, J.J. (2001). The mental and emotional life of Edited Books: Hare, R.D., & Schalling, D. (Eds.). (1978). Psychopathic Elements of APA murder: The qualities and credibility of homicide narratives by perpetrators. In S. Christianson (Ed.), Offenders’ memories of violent crimes (p. 115-134). New York, NY: Wiley. Chapters in Edited Books: Porter, S., Woodworth, M., & Doucette, N. (2007). Memory for THREE – FIVE AUTHORS: If there are three to five authors, cite all authors the first time; in subsequent citations, include only the last name of the first author followed by "et al." and the year: Williams, Jones, Smith, Bradner, and Torrington (1983) found... Williams et al. (1983) also noticed that.. MORE THAN FIVE AUTHORS: List the first six authors….and the last. Wolchik, S. A., West, S. G., Sandler, I. N., Tein, J.-Y., Coatsworth, D., Lengua, L.,...Griffin, W. A. (2000). An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 843-856. Further citations use et al. teenagers. Calgary, AB: Detselig Enterprises. cognitive behavioural approaches. Retrieved from http://counsellingresource.com/types/cognitive-therapy/ • To add credibility to your paper and to demonstrate that you are engaged with relevant research material. • To avoid plagiarism by following academic integrity guidelines. • To be consistent with present literature. How to Cite Webpage: Mulhauser, G. (2009). An introduction to cognitive therapy & APA Format Journal articles retrieved online with digital object identifier (DOI): Rutherford, B. J. (2006). Reading disability and hemispheric APA Format for Papers When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text, for example, (Jones, 1998). If you are referring to an idea from another work but NOT directly quoting the material, or making reference to an entire book, article or other work, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication and not the page number in your in-text reference. NOTE: APA does not require you to use page numbers for paraphrasing. You are, however, encouraged to use them. All sources that are cited in the text must appear in the reference list at the end of the paper. When using your own words to refer indirectly to another author's work, you must identify the original source. A complete reference must appear in the Reference List at the end of your paper. The American Psychological Association (APA) is mostly used for the publication of scientific papers, lab reports, and papers covering topics in the field of psychology, education, and other social sciences. interaction on a lexical decision task. Brain and Cognition, 60, 55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.bandc.2005.09.013. Elements of APA References References appear on a separate page at the end of your paper. Center the word References (do not bold, italicize, or use with quotation marks). Continue double spacing. Lists are alphabetized by the author’s last name. behavior: Approaches to research. Chichester, NY: Wiley. There are different elements of an APA paper. They are: TITLE PAGE → The title page should contain the title of the paper, the author's name, and the institutional affiliation. You may also want to include your professor’s name and the deadline of your assignment (see your assignment outline to check for this requirement). Double space your Title Page (APA PAPERS ARE ENTIRELY DOUBLE SPACED). Include the page header flush left at the top of the page. Include the page number flush right at the top of the

APA format

Transcript: What is it? APA format Double spaced, alphabetical list of sources Enclosed in parenthesis within the text and provides authors last name Always include year of publication, but may not include page number (except when a source is quoted or when parts of source are paraphrased or summarized. Punctated with commas between the authors name and year between the year and page. P. or pp. appear before page number. Citations A. Title page B. Abstract- paragraph summary of your purpose, main points, findings, and conclusions C. Main body D. References FORMAT: First line of each entry should start at the left margin. Subsequent lines are indented on the same margins as papers paragraphs Publication date is in parenthesis, after authors name and has a period at the end. Two or more works by the author are arranged according to publication date (earliest first). Two or more works written by the same author and published the same year are differentiated by lower cases letters. All authors up to 5 are given. If there are more, use ampersand instead of and. All authors names are inverted and first and middle names are initals. Only first letter of the book title or name are capitalized. All titles appear with inital A, An, or The. APA uses no quotation marks around article titles. Essay should be typed, double spaced, with 1 inch margins. Times new roman with 12 point font. Include a page header at the top of every page (shortened version of the papers title) Include title page with authors name and institutional affiliation. Guidelines References APA stands for American Psychological Association Most commonly used for social sciences papers. Andrea Nunez and Shelby Kahldon Paper sections

APA Format

Transcript: Journal Article : Author’s last name, First initial. (Year of Publication). Article Title. Journal Title in Italics, Volume Number, Issue Number, page number. Essay or Article in Anthology:Author’s last name, First initial. (Year of Publication). Essay or article title. In Anthology Title in Italics (Vol. Number, page number). Place of Publication: Publisher. Book: Author’s last name, First initial. (Year of Publication). Book Title in Italics. Place of Publication: Publisher. Website: Author’s last name, First Initial. (Date of publication). Title of document. Title of Periodical, volume number (issue number). Retrieval month day, year, from URL of website. - The paper must be plain white paper, 8 1/2" wide and 11" long -Times New Roman or Arial font size 12 must be used - Only black ink should be used - Must double space - Leave a 1" margin all the way around the page - In the top right corner of each page there must be a header, the header will include 2-3 words of your title, then 5 spaces, and a page number If you are able to answer these questions positively then the website is more than likely credible, however you must always be careful when using the internet as a resource. Abstract Title Page When writing your paper your should evaluate the authors by asking questions such as : - Who is the author? - Is the author identified? - Is the author qualified as an expert on the topic? - Is the author affiliated with a specific school/ organization? Evaluating Authors Citation Page Example Evaluating Format Main Body & Types of Citations Example of Abstract APA Format -Footnotes are no longer used in APA format but can be used to provide explanations for points or quotes used in the paper - After the quotation you must use a superscript number - A complete citation for every footnote used must be provided on a separate page titled "footnotes". On this page you must indent each footnote five spaces and label them with the same subscript number Evaluating Content - Does the site provide the author and contact information? - Is this content verifiable on other websites as well? - Does the website end with " .edu, .org, or .gov " ? - Is the website a personal opinion page? Also make sure when reading that you are examining the information to make sure it is an original rather than just a bunch of links on one site. - As you can see, the credit must be given immediately before or after the information used A reference list is a list compiled of every source that you used for your paper in APA citation format - This is where your main body of your paper goes - When you need to give credit to an author during your paper to cite them you put their last name in brackets and page number in the brackets immediately after the sentence When evaluating format be sure to check it over and ask the following questions: - Is the resource formatted according to APA format? - Are there citations to the references resource? - What is the date of publication or last update? - Can you tell the format of the resource? -What is the writing quality? If the format allows you to answer all of these questions then it is a suitable format and can be used or submitted. Reference List Paper & General Format When evaluating content you should ask yourself: - Who is the target audience? -- resources that are aimed at younger children may be too simple while resources aimed at a professional audience may be too difficult - Can you identify bias? -- If the material seems biased in any way, try to avoid using it as it could show you leaning in towards the same bias as the author - Does the information confirm or contradict other resources? -- If the content is new evidence it is acceptable, however avoid propoganda - Was the content generated in a fair and ethical way? -- The content should be obtained following the social sciences ethical standards You should avoid any document that does not identify the author, editor or organization who wrote the information. By Noah Morris Evaluating Electronic Resources - On the next page begin with a new header - On the second line of the page, under the header center the title "Abstract" - Underneath of your title write a 120 word or less paragraph outlining the key points of your paper. Make sure the paragraph is on the left margin with no indentation Endnotes/Footnotes EXAMPLES Example of APA format - Start with a page header - Next is a running head on the first line of the page, start it with " Running Head:" followed by a short form of your title which should be 50 characters or less & all capitals - Under the running head you should leave some space then center your full title, then name, and finally school Superscipt Example Example: Team sports are effective ways for children to learn social negotiation skills (Walker, 2001). According to Walker (2001), “Children who played team sports, either in school or as extra-curricular activities, showed greater problem-solving skills that their peers

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