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Stethoscope

Transcript: The Stethoscope The stethoscope is an medical instrument used for listening to sounds inside the human body for diagnostic purposes. Until the stethoscope was invented, examination of patients was largely limited to external observations making it a very important technological invention. History 1816 - First Stethoscope invented in Paris, France by René Laennecin. Made of wood. It was monaural or had one ear pice 1829 - First flexible stethoscope described. 1851 - Irish physician Arthur Leared invented a binaural stethoscope or two earred. 1852- George Cammann perfected the design of the binaural for commercial production. 1940 - Rappaport and Sprague design a new stethoscope, which becomes the standard by which other stethoscopes are measured. It consists of two sides, one for the respiratory system, the other for the cardiovascular system. 1960 - David Litman creates a new and improvied lighter stethoscope with better acoustics. Became the standard for stethoscopes today. Why so Important? -Stethoscopes are so important because they are used to detect and study heart, lung, stomach, and other sounds in humans and animals. -Using the stethoscope, the listener can hear abnormal respiratory, cardiac, uterine, fetal, intestinal sounds and more! -Even with the development of recent technology the stethocope remains widely used because of it's simplicity and accuracy. Parts of a Stethocope Acoustic vs. Electronic -Acoustic stethoscopes are the ones familiar to most people, and work by the travel of sound from the chestpiece from the air-filled hollow tubes, to the listener's ears. -The chestpiece usually has two sides that can be placed against a person for sensing sound, a diaphragm (bigger plastic disc) or bell (smaller hollow cup). -If the diaphragm is placed on a person, body sounds vibrate the diaphragm, creating acoustic waves which travel up the tubing to the listener's ears. -If the bell is placed on the patient, the vibrations of the skin directly produce acoustic waves traveling up to the listener's ears. The bell transmits low frequency sounds, while the diaphragm transmits high frequency sounds. -Acoustic stethoscopes are the most commonly used. Electronic stethoscopes are much less common and work by overcoming the low sound levels by amplifiying body sounds. -Electronic stethoscopes require conversion of acoustic sound waves to electrical signals which can then be amplified and processed for much better listening. Other Stethoscopes A fetal stethoscope or fetoscope - an acoustic stethoscope that is placed against the abdomen of a pregnant woman to listen to the heart sounds of the fetus. Recording Stethoscope - an electronic stethoscope that features a direct audio output and can be connected to a laptop or other external recording device Although advanced diagnostic tools such as CAT scans, ultrasound technology and more have made the stethoscope look much less important... From all the way back to the 1800's... To modern day society... The stethoscope remains a valuable and widely used instrument and it's truly a sound technology that we could not live without. Works Cited "Stethoscope | Definition and Patient Education | Healthline." Medical Information for Healthy Living | Healthline. Web. 10 Jan. 2012. <http://www.healthline.com/galecontent/stethoscope>. "Stethoscope, Information about Stethoscope." Internet FAQ Archives - Online Education - Faqs.org. Web. 10 Jan. 2012. <http://www.faqs.org/health/topics/28/Stethoscope.html>. "Stethoscope Help Desk - Stethoscope Frequently Asked Questions." Stethoscope Sale - 3M Littmann Stethoscopes & Ultrascope Stethoscopes. Web. 10 Jan. 2012. <http://www.mystethoscope.com/help.php>. "Stethoscope: Why Choose Littmann Stethoscopes for Medical School?" David Gregory For Your Delectation | Mr G Spot On. Web. 10 Jan. 2012. <http://www.davidgregory.org/medical/stethoscope.htm>. 3M Littmann Stethoscopes: History of the Stethoscope: US." 3M Global Gateway Page. Web. 10 Jan. 2012. <http://solutions.3m.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/3M-Littmann/stethoscope/littmann-learning-institute/about-stethoscopes/stethoscope-history/>. (Bell and Diapraghm)

Stethoscope

Transcript: by Aaliyah Fernandez THE STETHOSCOPE: 1816 Why was it needed? Why it was needed -In the early 1800’s, and prior to the development of the stethoscope, physicians would perform physical examinations using techniques like percussion and immediate auscultation. In immediate auscultation, physicians placed their ear directly on the patient to observe internal sounds. -The biggest drawback of this technique was that it required physical contact between the physician and the patient and proper placement of the ear. Also, the sounds observed by the physician were not amplified in any way, creating the possibility of missing key sounds that might indicate potential illness. Finally, the act of performing immediate auscultation could be awkward for both the physician and patient. Invention Description Invention How it was made Original look A medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing, typically having a small disk-shaped resonator that is placed against the chest, and two tubes connected to earpieces. The first stethoscope was made with a rolled paper tube. René Laënnec Inventor February 17, 1781, Quimper, Brittany, France—August 13, 1826, Kerlouanec Age five, his mother died from Tuberculosis, which left him in the care of his incompetent father In 1793, he went to go live with his uncle Under his uncle's direction, he began to apply surgical dressings and care for patients Laënnec became known for his studies of peritonitis, amenorrhea, the prostate gland, and tubercle lesions. He graduated in 1804 and continued his research as a faculty member of the Society of the School of Medicine in Paris. 1816 Laënnec was appointed as physician at the Necker Hospital in Paris, where he developed the stethoscope. He is considered the father of clinical auscultation, and he wrote the first descriptions of pneumonia, bronchiectasis, pleurisy, emphysema, and pneumothorax. His classification of pulmonary conditions is still used today. IMPORTANCE Importance The stethoscope was and is important because it amplifies the sounds emanating from the body organs or cavities. Some of the sounds are very soft. They can be easily missed when no sound enhancers are present. Through amplification, medical personnel can detect them easily. It reduces the time taken to make a diagnosis. Consequently, medical attention will be provided fast hence saving many lives. Step-By-Step Step-By-Step 1) First, I took 3 straws, and taped them together, creating a Y shape. 2) Then, I taped a bottle cap onto the bottom. 3) After all of this, I taped to white papere to the ends of the top two straws to make the earbuds. Sources Sources https://www.amyaction.com/five-importance-of-a-stethoscope/ https://www.littmann.com/3M/en_US/littmann-stethoscopes/education-center/history/ https://www.adctoday.com/learning-center/about-stethoscopes/history-stethoscope

Stethoscope

Transcript: My 19th Century Project The Stethoscope By; Natalie Olsen Overview of Invention Overview of the Invention The first stethoscope was made in France in 1816 by René Laennec. The invention made so listening to the heart and chest was easer, it is also used to hear blood flow noises in arteries and veins. It was invented because René Laennec was uncomfortable placing his ear on women's chests to hear heart sounds. The stethoscope was used by doctors and nurses. So they could find health problems easer. It works by funnling the sounds up the tube into the doctors ear. Inventor Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laënnec Rene Laënnec was born in Quimper, France and lived from 1781–1826. When Laënnec was five years old his mother Michelle Félicité Guesdon, died from tuberculosis, leaving Laënnec and his brother, in the care of their father. His father was a servant so he was never around, so he was sent to live with his uncle. His uncle was the dean of medicine at the University of Nantes. So under his watch he started medical studies. The Invention Then Back Then The Stethoscope helped people by making it easer for doctors to see what is wrong with that person on the inside. The impact of the Stethoscope was very important. It helped doctors see sooner if the person had any issues in their stomach, lungs, heart or with the blood flow. So it helped the world by helping the docyors out. The Invention Now Now The Stethoscope is still used today in health today. Our world is different because it has inproved our ways toimprove health. All though it has had some changes. For example the shape is different. Also the way we hear it is different an better. Now instead of have to stick your ear up to the end of the tube you can hear it better because you stick the two end pices into your ear so its clear. Now Then In the middle Resources 1. https://www.adctoday.com/learning-center/about-stethoscopes/history-stethoscope 2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rene-Laennec 3. https://ceufast.com/blog/evolution-of-the-stethoscope I chose these sites because they had good pictures and all the information was laid out good and easy to find.

Stethoscope

Transcript: Stethoscope Rene was watching kids play with a hollow sticks! Then he notices that sound is amplified through the stick! The first stethoscope looked like a wooden tube where on one side you put on the patients chest and the other side goes to the doctors ear! Now they have stethoscopes that have two earpieces and can amplify the sound really loud! Difference Maker Sources The doctor could listen to the patients chest and not get body contact! Instead of the doctor putting a cloth on the patients body then listen to the patients heart like that they just use the tube so the doctor does not have to touch the patient! The doctors can go listen the patients heart and lungs! When the doctor examines the heart he can find where the exact problem is, so when there is a problem the doctor will know what the problem is and where the problem is! Summary of Invention Inventer & Date * Science Museum/Science & Society Picture Library * http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/images/I018/10284184.aspx * http://www.wisegeek.com/who-created-the-first-stethoscope.htm *http://themitralvalve.org/mitralvalve/rene-theophile-hyacinthe-laennec-1 * http://www.littmann.com/wps/portal/3M/en_US/3M-Littmann/stethoscope/littmann-learning-institute/about-stethoscopes/stethoscope-history/ *http://antiquescientifica.com/archive11.htm The first stethoscope was created in 1816 by a physician from Paris, France called Rene Theophile-Hyacinthe Laennec! Rene's invention oped up a new era in cardiology! 25 years later, George P. Cammann invented the first stethoscope with two ear pieces. Then in the 1960's Dr. David Littmann improveds the hearing of the stethoscope!

stethoscope

Transcript: whats a stethoscope Imhotep by:Edwin Lasagna why are they useful? sites history of the stethoscope Imhotep was an official during the 3rd Dynasty and served under four kings. He is best known for his position as vizier and high priest of Ptah during the reign of Djoser I. Imhotep was a commoner by birth, but rose through the ranks with his natural talents and dedication. Imhotep was called the "Son of Ptah" but didn't limit himself to religious matters alone. He was a very good poet, architect, and priest-physician. The greatest achievement of Imhotep is the Step Pyramid at Saqqara. He built this pyramid for Djoser, but it became an architectural model for the spiritual ideals of the people of Egypt. A stethoscope is a medical instrument for listening to the action of someone's heart or breathing, typically having a small disk-shaped resonator that is placed against the chest and two tubes connected to earpieces. Born: c. 3000 B.C.E. Ankhtowe, Egypt Died: c. 2950 B.C.E. Memphis, Egypt It is often used to listen to lung and heart sounds. It is also used to listen to intestines and blood flow in arteries and veins. who is Imhotep stethoscope the stethoscope was invented by Imhotep in ancient Egypt http://imhoteps_chamber.tripod.com/imhotep.html www.sixpartswater.org www.encyclopedia.com http://www.google.com/search?q=why+are+stethoscopes+used+for&oq=why+are+stethoscopes+used+for&aqs=chrome..69i57.24835j0j7&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=93&ie=UTF-8&gws_rd=ssl http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ho-Jo/Imhotep.html stethoscope Imhotep

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