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Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: Different domains of propositions. Many principles of truthmaking: necessary and sufficient conditions under which a proposition is made true by something. Truthmaking is a genus of which there are species. 1. Motivation 2. Missing Truthmakers 3. Suspicious Truthmakers <the car is not black> [the car is red] Plurality and Unity in Truthmaking <Crow 1 is black> <Crow 2 is black> <Crow n is black> <There are no more crows than 1, 2, ..., n> <dogs exist> [the car is black] TMcp "Truthmaking Monism": the truthmaking relation is a single relation that holds between truths and their truthmakers that can be defined by a single principle; there's only one way in which propositions are made true. Hybrid: Involves TMcp and TMcn Two-Tiered: These truths do not directly stand in a truthmaking relation to entities in the world but rather are made true indirectly by standing in a "grounding" relation to other truths that are in turn made true by entities in the world. Pluralism about truthmaking allows us to uphold the thought that every truth is made true, while diminishing the need to postulate controversial truthmakers. It also respects the differences we find among different classes of truths. Ongoing, flexible inquiry into theory of how truth depends on being. Advantages: 1. Allows us to uphold the motivation for truthmaking theory: every truth is made true by something. 2. Possibly diminishes the need to postulate controversial truthmakers. 3. Takes into account diversity/complexity in truth and reality, e.g., different truths represent the world in different ways. Truthmaking for Contingent Negative Truths: Thesis Truthmaking TM: Necessarily, if a proposition p is true, then there exists something that makes p true. + Necessitarianism: If x makes p true, then Necessarily, if x exists, then p is true. + Relevance Constraint: Truthmakers are relevant to their truths, e.g., represented by their truths. My dissertation presents and defends a new approach to the theory of truthmaking, which I call a “pluralist theory of truthmaking”. The central thesis is that different kinds of truths (positive, negative, general universal, counterfactual conditional, etc.) are made true in different ways. (TMcp) For any entity x and positive contingent proposition p, x is a truthmaker for p iff x is one of the things (i) upon which p truth-depends and (ii) that p is about, and (iii) that necessitates that p is true. What is it for truth to depend on being? Four Ways of Truthmaking Truthmaking theory is motivated by the intuition that truth depends on being i.e. true propositions depend for their truth on what there is. Truths are 'made true' by their 'truthmakers'. For example: <Aaron exists> (True proposition) Aaron (Existing individual) 1. Hold on to OTT despite these problems 2. Deny that any truth has a truthmaker 3. Restrict TM 4. Re-conceive the truthmaking relation My choice <All crows are black> Positive truths TMcp Negative truths TMp TMcn General universal truths Two tier, hybrid More work to be done: accounts of truthmaking for other truths, e.g., analytic truths. Aaron M. Griffith Different Forms of Truthmaking Plurality Unity TMcp Problems for OTT Reject truthmaking monism for truthmaking pluralism (TMp) For any entity x and negative predication p, x is a truthmaker for p iff x is one of the things (i) upon which p truth-depends and (ii) that necessitates that p is true by preventing the existence of a false-maker for p. (TMcn) For any entity x and negative existential p, x is a truthmaker for p iff (i) p truth-depends on x and (ii) it would only be in virtue of a change in x that p would be false, viz. a change such that at least one entity would exist, which actually does not, in virtue of which p is false. TMcn Shared Assumption Orthodox Truthmaking Theory (OTT) Truthmaking for Contingent Positive Truths: Conclusion Generic notion of truthmaking. Shared form of dependence: truth-dependence. Unifiers: principles that hold across many or all domains of truths. TMcp Responses <There are no werewolves> Ways of Truthmaking: A Pluralist Theory of Truthmaking Truthmaking for General Universal Truths Grounding

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: DISSERTATION THESIS Challenging the traditional assumptions regarding managerial objectives and the firm – an Analytic Hierarchy Process approach for the Romanian life insurance market THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! Determinants of the size of the life insurance and private pension markets in Romania Applicability of traditional models - Supply and Demand of the insurance market - are inappropriate Frequent changes in the legislation and shifts on the stock exchange market Any time series recorded is inconsistent Further research to determine appropriate proxies to all criterions Determinants which affect the size of the market share of life insurance and private pensions market Bad theories rooted in the mind of the decision makers Possible econometric estimations for small numbers Participants to the life insurance => improve their status as investors and follow the alternatives in order to establish the determinants of the market share size. An overview of the alternatives A functional questionnaire when studying any general problem The results were inconsistent in what concerns the consistency matrix elaborated by Saaty=> - the organizational framework is not appropriate - the criterions might not be established correctly or they are not aiding the experts choose the best responses The GAUSS Mathematicaland Statistical System versus Super Decisions software (inconsistency test) Life insurance with 100% investment in bonds (Unit-linked insurance) - The protection component - The investment component - The annuity component Mixed life (endowment) insurance - risk of survival is more explicitly covered Private Pensions PROFIT MAXIMIZATION OR SURVIVAL? Processing and interpretation Interpretation related to the third survey Analysis of the entire set of results Market Analysis Current Legislation - European standards Efficiency of Romanian Financial markets and of the existent banking system in our country - allocationally efficient - operationally efficient - informationally efficient A numerical analysis using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Managerial objectives and the firm Primary objective is to maximize profits! – or is it? Management Theories Principal-agent theory - people and organizations carry out transactions on behalf of others Managerial theories - Sales revenue maximization - Managerial utility maximization - Corporate growth maximization Behavioral theories - differences and conflicts between the goals of individuals and groups - Decisions are made under conditions of perfect knowledge - The objective of the firm is to maximize profits “Game theory” QUESTIONS? Scientific Coordinator: Lecturer ADRIANA AGAPIE PhD. Bucharest June 2010 Bad versus good management theories and practices – Sumantra Ghoshal – profit maximization and customers as investors! Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) – Thomas Saaty The BRAIN The Three Primary AHP Functions Structuring Complexity Measurement on a Ratio Scale Synthesis THE BUCHAREST ACADEMY OF ECONOMIC STUDIES CONCLUSIONS Comments, Suggestions and Follow-through FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (ENGLISH TEACHING) Paired comparison which is applied to a set of homogenous pair of elements then it is transposed into a matrix of these judgments Scoring is applied to rank the three alternatives in terms of each of the four criterions considered Matrix of judgments assuming equal to one on the main diagonal and also reversibility of the preferences - so that if C3 is preferred to C4 at a corresponding absolute value of 6, the C4 will be preferred to C3 at an absolute value of 1/6, which is 0.17 Table of Contents Management and the Objectives of the firm Perception of risks regarding income, personal health and extreme events (earthquakes, natural disasters) - the often observed gap between experts and the public. Income and the insurance premium - 80% comes from Mandatory Motor Insurance (RCA) and about 18% comes from the life insurance Life insurance and pensions market was18.44% of the Romanian insurance market(approximately 2.86 billion EUR written in life insurance) Unit-linked insurance, premiums cashed = 666.25 mill. RON (158.6 mill. EUR), => 5.5% Mixed life insurance, = 515.12 mill. RON (122.64 mill. EUR), r=> 4.5%; Private pensions, = 3.2 bill. RON (761.9 mill. EUR), => 26.9%. Huge differences between the two sets of tables of the synthesis in the distributive mode => the second survey fits more clearly the market distribution, related to these questions The experts and specialist => Efficiency of Romanian Financial markets and of the existent banking system in our country (C2) and as a preferred alternative the Private pensions (A3) rank the highest Graduate: ELIZA DUMITRESCU Introduction I. Literature Review I.1 Bad versus good management theories and practices I.2 Description of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) I.3 Managerial objectives and the firm I.4 Market Analysis II. Determinants of the size of the life insurance and private pension markets in

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: The rough structure of my dissertation will be as follows: Executive Summary Acknowledgement Literature Review Research Methodology Findings and Discussion Conclusion Bibliography Appendices How can I combine the design I have learnt in the United Kingdom with Hong Kong’s Design? To help me write the dissertation, I will need to find information on what China has invented and what has been influenced. Looking at magazines and books will be the primary resources that will help me. ‘Four Great Inventions of ancient China’ is one of my research topics, related books will be read. Researching on how currently China’s products are being viewed, will be looked into as well by giving out questionnaires. By doing so, first hand information will be collected. Structure What has motivated me to do this research and why is it important to me as a designer? There always has been a hole in my life, which is how little I know about my ancestors’ motherland. Being born in Germany and grown up there, left me with no conception of my heritage. With this project I will gain more knowledge of China’s culture, history and religion. The works I currently produce is lacking passion, I would like to see more chinese influences in my designs, even though I am studying in London. With the research for the dissertation, it will not only be for the project but as a designer, I will also be influenced. I believe the process and outcome will effect how me greatly. How to change people's perception of 'Made in China' Methodology Lead Question After having some more thoughts, the question that I want to explore and answer, is going to be different from my previous one, which was about how can I combine the design I have learnt in the United Kingdom with Hong Kong’s Design. The current Title for my dissertation is going to be called ‘Made In China’, it will mainly question how people perceive by seeing those three words. At present in my own opinion, when consumers identifies it as made in china, it has a negative effect, thinking the quality of the product is defective. Changing these thoughts would be my main objective for this project. Motivation

Dissertation presentation

Transcript: Why it works: Weaknesses Strengths Contains little to no theory When a multinational brand tax policy is criticised, the stakeholder salience of customers, shareholders, employees, government and communities will be positively linked to the combined number of stakeholder attributes of power, urgency and legitimacy. Provides an extensive agenda for further research within stakeholder salience theory. Journal 1: Stakeholder Salience Revisited: Refining, Redefining, and Refueling an Underdeveloped Conceptual Tool In depth analysis of several key topics; Stakeholder Salience theory Reputation management Global case studies Accounts for the 'Social media era' Looks into ''Current'' issues. Reasons for choosing this: 3 Authors - highly involved in several other publications and academic journals. Shows me where the research gap is and confirms that nobody out there is researching this particular topic! Expands on the original theoretical framework with other key contributions to the theory that has emerged over the past 15 years Last 18 months Joep Cornelissen has done a masterful job in integrating many ideas and approaches to corporate communication: academic theories, professional cases, management and communication theories, stakeholder theories, and U.S. and European perspectives. As a result, students, scholars, and practitioners all will gain a broad understanding of the discipline by reading this book James E. Grunig University of Maryland Weaknesses Topical - published in 2011 "Lacks" some key concepts - particularly Investor Relations, Government Relations and Corporate Branding BOOK: Corporate communications - A guide to theory and practice Provides a solid starting point for analysing Corporate Communications. Scope of the book can be quite narrow - but does provide solid foundation for further research No theoretical approaches Key example that NO ONE is doing this research Very weak even on case studies Authoritative for the reasons: Does not go into depth with how to deal with the situations, but merely talks about what was done and raises some questions for further discussion of the topic Stakeholder salience theory Crisis communication theory Reputation management The Author 3 editions, 4th ed. due in in 03/14 Next steps? (Working) Hypothesis Key theories Weaknesses In short: Corporate Tax and Reputation management Reviews key contributions by other researchers to identify and resolve weaknesses in the original theoretical framework, solidifying the theory itself. A key textbook with excellent resources What is it about Summarises the issues that have emerged over the past 18 months. Joep Cornelissen offers an overall review of corporate communication wiht a lot of practical cases. Most cases are actual and give a broad overview of what happens in this field of operations. This book is recommended in the part of strategic communication management. After evaluation from the students we will considder this book as essential. Mr Theo Bosters Master Education at ADT, Avans University of Professional Educ Professor in Corporate Communications at several universities VU University Amsterdam Leeds Uni. Business School Visiting professor at two other institutions globally. Actively writes on topics for leading academic journals Academy of Management Review Journal of Management Studies Frequently speaks at conferences drawing from expertise to work with public and private sector organizations Look into Crisis Communication theories (Especially Timothy Coombs who is an awarded author on this subject) Review all of Parliaments PAC records of hearings with Google and Starbucks Review all media coverage since the emergence of this topic Review companies annual reports before and after this crisis emerged. Start building on my primary research First attempt to extensively develop this theory, and therefore might require more investigation. "This is a must-have reference book for Chief Executives, Finance Directors, Corporate Communicators and Non-executive Directors in this "involve me" era of stakeholder engagement and corporate communications. How I wish I had had this book on my desk as a Chief Reputation Officer!" - Mary Jo Jacobi, Former Chief Reputation Officer of HSBC Holdings, Lehman Brothers and Royal Dutch Shell Strengths Result of ignoring the tax issue: Dissertation - selected research Journal 1: Tax transparency and reputation: The genie is out of the bottle CORNELISSEN, JOEP. 2011. Corporate communication : a guide to theory and practice. 3rd ed. N/A : SAGE. NEVILLE, B.A., BELL, S.J. and WHITWELL, G.J., 2011. Stakeholder Salience Revisited: Refining, Redefining, and Refueling an Underdeveloped Conceptual Tool. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(3), pp. 357-378. Tax transparency and reputation: The genie is out of the bottle. 2013. International Tax Review, . Picture 1: http://clipartist.info/RSS/openclipart.org/2011/July/24-Sunday/stickman-1979px.png Picture 2:

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: Science & Society Project: Creating Super Humans Results Saviour Sibling Treatment Gene Doping The Session To create, deliver and evaluate an interactive, curriculum enhancing teaching session on 2 different controversial areas of science for KS4 and KS5 students. ... any questions? In conclusion... Results show the session produced was interactive, curriculum enhancing and increased ethical awareness. Aims were met. Why is teaching ethics important? Aims Topics The Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency states 'the study of science fires pupil’s curiosity about phenomena in the world around them, along with offering opportunities to find explanations’.

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: "Although it does not regard the part played by other international bodies in the fight for world health as by any means negligible, its Constitution makes the World Health Organization the supreme directing and co-ordinating body in the sphere of public health." "There is no substitute for the WHO, with its progressive constitution and global legitimacy. It is not likely that the same powers would be granted to an international organization if it were created today. Consequently, while remaining true to its normative and bold vision of health for all, the WHO must adapt to a new political climate, demonstrate global leadership, and deliver results." "In some regions this leaves WHO all but powerless to act. In Africa, for example, where WHO faces its severest challenges, many governments cannot deliver health care in line with WHO policies. They do not represent their people at local level and lack the necessary health infrastructure for delivering local health care. Since WHO has neither sufficient influence to democratise Africa nor money to develop its infrastructure, its only effective strategy would be to bypass national governments and implement its policies at local level. This is something that WHO in its current form cannot do.” Synthesis of: A computer-based, scoping literature review Content analysis of the WHO current reform process Transforming governance to strengthen global health WHO has a decentralised structure. Three tiered organisation: Headquarters (Geneva) Regional Offices Country Offices Country offices are located within Ministries of Health WHO's effectiveness is often limited by local circumstances The first specialised agency of the United Nations It's objective: "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health" Methods transcend the sovereignty of any single state and aim to move countries from a state of independence to a state of interdependence WHO Infectious disease 1. Refocusing core business to address the 21st century health challenges facing countries 2. Reforming the financing and management of WHO to address health challenges more effectively 3. Transforming governance to strengthen global health The Reasons for Reform 5 core areas of work identified: 1. Health development 2. Health security 3. Health system strengthening 4. Gathering data on health trends and determinants 5. Convening for better health Financial Instability Limitations 1. A shift in thinking about health promotion to one that considers factors that span, or even ignore, the geographical boundaries of the state2. A multi-sectorial approach to addressing problems in world health3. The involvement of a wide variety of actors and interests Economic factors, and health services A number of challenges to the work of WHO Both 'internal', and 'external' The current reforms go some way to bring the renewal to the work of the organisation, and to improve its organisational transparency The value of WHO: pre-eminent source of health expertise; central coordinator for the global health effort; normative powers as a setter of global norms and standards for health Challenges to the Work of WHO Abstract List of Abbreviations Chapter 1 - Introduction, Aims and Methods 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Aims 1.3 Methods Chapter 2 - Context 2.1 Globalisation 2.2 International Collective Action for Health Chapter 3 - Challenges to the Work of WHO 3.1 Internal 3.2 External 3.3 Critiquing the Critque (Discussion) Chapter 4 - Reforming the World Health Organisation 4.1 The Reasons for Reform 4.2 The Goals of Reform Chapter 5 - Conclusions 5.1 Limitations 5.2 Conclusions Bibliography Acknowledgements Internal Governance Global Health Governance Migration 1. Examine the changing climate of global health governance 2. Review the academic literature critiquing the work of the World Health Organisation 3. Understand the necessity of WHO's recent reforms 4. Assess the likely impact of the reforms on WHO's future role in global heath governance Globalisation seek to assist countries in what they ought to be able to achieve independently Providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed; Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge; Setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation; Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options; Providing technical support, catalysing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity; and Monitoring the health situation and assessing health trends WHO? Implementation Gap Country focus rather than top-down approach Refocusing core business to address the 21st century health challenges facing countries Supportive Functions Finances are composed of assessed contributions (regular budget funds) voluntary contributions (extra budgetary funds) Reflective of the core functions of WHO The Wider Context Table of Contents Aims Global

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: Ryan Higa He knows how to be a ninja. Low barrier to entry, no approval needed! Creators Research! Ease of access Create whatever you want! How has YouTube allowed consumers and creators to change their approach to comedy? Consumers Methodology! Shortened attention spans Cheap and accessible recording equipment Major Source: Futuretainment By Mike Walsh Major Source: The YouTube Reader by Pelle Snickars and Patrick Vonderau Case Studies! Other sources: Internet Articles Journals Newspaper Articles

Dissertation Presentation

Transcript: Dissertation 1. Introduction 2. Aims & Objectives 3. Literature Review 4. Methodology 5. Results 6. Discussion 7. Conclusion 1. Introduction Beneficial Growing use of the internet in business Replacing old methods New methods are effecient (Samba, 2010) Aim IDENTIFY HOW SPECIFIC WEB 2.0 APPLICATIONS ADD VALUE TO P.R COMPANIES FOCUSING ON EVENTS MANAGEMENT IN NIGHTCLUBS AND BARS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, WITH THE VIEW OF IDENTIFYING HOW THEIR OPERATIONS CAN BE EVOLVED USING THEM Objectives 1. To discover how companies gain rewards using web 2.0 apps to identify how P.R companies organizing nightclub events can evolve their operations in order to gain greater rewards. 2. Identify market segmentation, Relationships, customer trends, attitudes, needs, wants as well as service trends using popular web 2.0 apps in order to identify who to target and how to target them. 3. How can web 2.0 applications add value to the information gained and communications between P.R companies, potential and existing clients to discover how they can be improved to positively affect P.R companies operations.

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