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Decision-Making Flow Chart

Transcript: The Superintendent reviews decisions that must be made by a party of supporters. Here decisions include more than just the superintendent. But they do not arrive if the decision can be easily made by Principals. Decisions making here is simple if the complaint or need is within the scope of the school center. Many times decision making does not leave the physical site if the Principal addresses any concerns with the teachers or parents. Albuquerque Public Schools. 2014. Decision-Making Process Retrieved from; aps.edu Child Find. April, 2011. EDL/535 University of Phoenix. 2014 A city district is usually color coded and covers a great amount of terrain. The districts are divided among the city and includes communities that can sustain each other in all areas where they can gather a sufficient amount of pupils that can serve a wide area without over crowding. Decisions are reviewed in districts before they move on to the legislature if necessary. Irene Collins November 22, 2014 University of Phoenix References The decision making process may be as simple as a student needing to change classrooms for a particular reason. Or the parent thinks that the student has certain special needs. In which case, a meeting is held and a decision is made. On the other hand IEP's can be established if need be. At this point, the decision needs to go no further than the school site. Teachers & Parents Superintendents Decision-Making Flow Chart The City Districts Principals The New Mexico State Legislature All decisions are based upon cause and effect. Questions that arise are for example; Is a certain technique effecting anyone or anything? Is something causing anything to happen that is undesirable? If the answer is yes to any of these questions or if there has been a complaint then more likely it will go through the following steps first. Before it reaches the state legislature any one particular item has already been through a list of people. Teachers or Parents The Principal The District The Superintendent The State Legislature

Decision Flow Chart

Transcript: Superintendent of Education The district will monitor each school's compliance with this policy. Local Principal Assignments Decisions Made at State Level Board of Education Teacher Certification Standards Accreditation Standards Testing Requirements & Standards Attendance/Truancy Requirements Student/Teacher Ratios Grade Completion Standards Are districts in compliance with Federal and State requirements? Federal Policies and Regulations Budget Facility Upgrades Dress Code Decision Flow Chart Board of Education Boundaries within the District School Locations Local School Principal Assignments Are schools in compliance with Federal, State, and District requirements? Curriculum Selection Hiring and Firing of Teachers & Staff School Calendar of Events Budget Facility Upgrades Dress Code Testing Schedule Curriculum Selection Hiring and firing of teachers and staff School Calendar of Events Testing Schedule District Superintendent Assignments The school principal will decide the testing plan to ensure all 3rd-12th grade students take the required exams. Budget District Assignments State Superintendent of Education This becomes state policy. State Board of Education decides that 3rd-12th grade students will take standardized testing. Decision Making Example Principal References State Congress Teacher Certification Standards Accreditation Standards Testing Requirements & Standards Budgets Attendance/Truancy Requirements Student/Teacher Ratios Grade Completion Standards District Assignments District Superintendent Assignments Are districts in compliance with Federal and State requirements? National Association of State Boards of Education. (2013). State Boards of Education. Retrieved from http://www.nasbe.org/about-us/state-boards-of-education/ Responsibilities, Duties, Decision-Making, and Legal Basis for Local School Board Powers. (2013). Retrieved from http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2391/School-Boards.html Stader, D.L. (2007). Law and Ethics in Educational Leadership. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Who Makes Decisions in School. (2006). Retrieved from http://www.soundout.org/howdecisions.html District Policies and Regulations This decision affects the education system because the action agent must plan and execute to comply and all intermediate levels must monitor to ensure compliance. Decisions Made at School Level Decisions Made at District Level Superintendent of Education Boundaries within the District School Locations Are districts in compliance with Federal, State, and District requirements? State Policies and Regulations Board of Education Jenn Paccapaniccia EDL 535 November 18, 2013 Dr. Rahim Jones

Decision-Making Flow Chart

Transcript: Include: principals vice/assistant principal Most states share six common legal powers: certification for teachers and administrators, establishing high school graduation requirements and state testing programs, setting standards for schools, teachers, and administrators, reviewing budgets, and developing rules and regulations for administrations (Schimmel, Fischer, & Stellman, 2008). School Level States can decide when state assessments will be given and what types of test will be given. About.com. (2014). School Decision Making. Retrieved from http://teaching.about.com/od/School-Decision-Making. Colorado Department of Education. (2014). TCAP. Retrieved from http://www.cde.state.co.us/assessment/coassess- assessmentwindow. Schimmel, D., Fischer, L., & Stellman, L.R. (2008). School Law: What every educator should know a user-friendly guide. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. Conclusion State Decisions at the district level include; hiring of staff, rules and safety regulations, curriculum choices, and school budgets. Decisions in education are made by local schools, districts, and the state. All of these levels work together to make the best choices for all parties involved. Understanding these levels can help educators (or stakeholders) become involved with decision-making. Administrators often make decisions about school budget, staff, severe discipline issues, and curriculum choices. Administrators For example, in the state of Colorado, students in grades 3-10 are required to take the Transitional Colorado Assessment Program (TCAP). Schools are required to give this test between February and March (Colorado Department of Education, 2014). teacher leaders teachers specials teachers Example of a Local Decision Decision-making is an important component in education. Some decisions are easy to make, others can be more challenging. Decisions can be made at the school, district, and state levels. Each decision can be critical to the overall success of a school and should not be taken lightly (About.com, 2014). If there is a disruptive student a teacher can chose how to discipline the student (i.e. loss of recess or privilege). If a student continues the behavior a principal or administrator can chose the appropriate actions (i.e. loss or privileges, detention). Includes: Teachers Includes: state governors legislators state boards of education chief state school officers state education agencies local boards of education References Includes: school board members administration superintendent If a school is performing poorly within the district and there have been no improvements, the district can step in and make adjustments to improve school performance. Decision-Making Flow Chart Cassandra Doescher EDL/535 February 17, 2014 Melissa Connors Introduction Example of a District Decision Example of State Decisions All of these teachers make decisions within the classroom on a daily basis. Some of these teachers may help make curriculum or other decisions regarding the school. District

Decision Making Flow Chart

Transcript: One example of a decision that was made at the state level is when the governor of Louisiana, Bobby Jindal tried to pass a bill that authorized the use public monies to fund student vouchers. This would allow parents to pull their student from a failing school and use the voucher to pay for private school. The state legislature agreed and it was signed into law. The law was later challenged and the Louisiana Supreme Court ruled the law unconstitutional )Strauss, 2012,p,1). Had this law not been overturned, it would have greatly affected the states public schools. Public schools would have lost the funding for each student who left with a voucher which would have further depleated their resources making it even harder for them to improve, Example 1 The decisions that mold and shape the educational system in St. Tammany Parish go through many channels before they actually affect the schools. These channels act as filters, which helps ensure that all decisions are well thought through, fair, equitable, and in the best interest of the students. For this system of checks and balances to be effective it is imperative that all members cooperate and collaborate, always having the best interests of the students in mind. Strauss, V. (2012). Louisiana Supreme Court rules school voucher funding unconstitutional. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/wp/2013/05/07/louisiana-supreme-court-rules-school-voucher-funding-unconstitutional/ St. Tammany Schools: Decisions at the school level Elizabeth Lee EDL/535 March 24, 2014 Rahim Jones Important decision are made everyday that strongly affect the public schools in Louisiana. These decisions are made at three levels: State, District, and School. Every decision is critical to the success of the school and must be carefully weighed and thought through before a decisions are made and policy is enacted. Throughout this presentation we will look at each of the 3 levels and will identify who has decision-making power and responsibilities at each level The principal is responsible for most areas of day-to-day school operation. He/she guides behavior management, budgeting, staff supervision, and curriculum. Principals publicly represent the school and interact with district, state and federal authorities. Vice principals assist the principal in various areas. School Principal Assistant Principal Conclusion Louisiana Department of Education. (2014). About us. Retrieved from http://bese.louisiana.gov/home (Cowen Institute, 2012,p.1) Superintendent of Education St. Tammany Parish School Board School Board Superintendent Assistant Superintendents Board Members State Legislature Governor State administrators Board of Elementary and Secondary Education (BESE) Debates and enacts laws affecting any areas of public education Makes rules that school districts and schools must follow Responsible for funding all pre-k through 12th grade public schools Sets statewide academic standards, testing, and graduation requirements St. Tammany Parish: Decisions at the District Level Example 2 Introduction (Louisiana Department of Education, 2014, p.1) Cowen Institute. (2012). Louisiana K-12 Public Education: Governance, demographics, and enrollment. Retrieved from www.coweninstitute.com/.../2009/08/5-Louisiana-K-12-Education.pdf Another example could include a change that was proposed at the state level for schools to change from iLeap to PARC for standardized testing. This was proposed and voted on by the state, then passed down to the district who was put in charge of implementing it in the schools. The district discussed these changes with the school principals at the monthly meeting and the schools principals are put in charge of preparing their teachers for the upcoming changes. St. Tammany Parish Schools. (2014). School Board. Retrieved from http://stpsb.org/schoolboard.php References Education in Louisiana: A Flow Chart of the Decision Making Process Louisiana: Decisions at the State Level (St. Tammany Parish Schools, 2014, p.1) Local school districts derive their authority from the Legislature. Authorized to levy local property taxes for a particular purpose and negotiate with teachers and other employees over pay, benefits and working conditions. Acts as administrative policy making body for elementary and secondary schools in St. Tammany Parish. Determine staffing levels, curriculum, student assessments, student services and activities, school calendars, school facilities, transportation, and other programs as authorized or required by state law, within the budgetary limits set by the Legislature and local voters.

Decision-Making Flow Chart

Transcript: What does the superintendent do? State of Oregon. (1998-2014). Oregon Department of Education. Retrieved from http://www.ode.state.or.us/search/results/?id=55 According to State of Washington (2012), "The principal is the top educator at a school. The principal provides vision and direction to increase student performance, manages day-to-day operations, provides staff development and evaluation, and builds relationships with parents and the community" (How Does a School District Work?). References Report to the principal Provide instruction to students Manages staff and student body Manages day-to-day operations of the school Reports to the superintendent (State of Washington, 2012) Principal: Budget, hiring of staff, ultimate building decision-maker, student management, Vice Principal: Helps with budget, managing staff and students Counselor: Assissts students with physical, and emotional difficulties. Lead Teacher(s): Helps with the decision-making process for creating school policy and rules. Provides mentoring to other teachers. Teachers: Provide education to students in class. Booster Club: Supports teachers and staff at the school by doing fundraisiers and volunteering. Students in the state of Oregon in grades 3-12 will take the Smarter Balance Assessment According to State of Washington (2012), "The top executive in a school district, supervising central staff and the principals. The superintendent implements the school board's vision through day-to-day decisions about educational programs, expenditures, staff and facilities. The school board hires the superintendent" (How Does a School District Work?). What does the Principal do? School Board Superintendent Principal Teacher Decision-Making Flow Chart Erin L. Cunningham EDL/535 Craig Evans July 7, 2014 What is the teacher's role? (Oregon) Site-based Decision Making Examples of Educational Decisions Educational Decision-Making can be long process, that requires thousands of people constantly working together to determine the best outcomes for the students of our states. According to State of Washington (2012), "Classroom teachers are the people most directly involved in students' education. Teachers instruct and evaluate students to help them meet academic standards. Teachers report to the school principal" (How Does a School District Work?). Conclusion Elected by voters to set goals Conducts strategic Planning Hires and oversees the superintendent Adopts the school dsitrict budget Creates Policy for schools in the district Oversees the school district Represents voters Manages the school district Reports to the school board School Level Decision-Making (State of Oregon, 1998-2014). District Level Decision-Making Introduction State Level Decision-Making State of Washington. (2012). Washington State Office of the Education Ombuds. Retrieved from http://www.governor.wa.gov/oeo/system/districts.asp This becomes a state policy. The Oregon Department of Education Monitors the District compliance to the policy. The District provides necessary assessment training and ensures principals and teachers are planning and teaching for assessment success. The Principal creates an assessing plan to ensure all students that are required to test are tested. Educators teacher required content to students to ensure their success on the assessment. Decision-Making in the education system is a constant web of trial and error. Many different committees are established for various educational aspects to ensure sucess in all schools across the state. The following presentation will explain the decision-making levels

Decision Making Flow Chart

Transcript: Examples of Decisions Introduction The School Includes Teachers and Administration State board of Education decides to implement Common Core State Standards effective 2014/15 school year Individual Districts must decide how to transition their district from the Louisiana Comprehensive Curriculum to the Common Core State Standards. Districts must make sure they have the qualified staff to teach the new standards Schools within each district must make sure teachers are implementing the transitional curriculum in the years leading up to 2014/15 and then must make sure they are implementing full CCSS in the 14/15 school year. Violations must be reported to the district level. Student progress will start with new tests at the state level and passed on through the districts State of Louisiana is lead by the State Superintendent of Education (publicly elected official) Publishes list of requirements for teacher certification as well as student promotion, retention and graduation Administers high stakes tests and publishes results Identifies major issues, makes them public and attempts to resolve them Makes decisions with the support of the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education (BESE) The District Superintendent implements policies from BESE Educates students within their schooling zones Approves hire of own teachers, curriculum needs, textbook usage and programs of study Implements early education programs, extended study and GED programs Must secure funds, sites, construction, etc... with approval of District School board Principal is the leader of each individual school School is responsible for the individual education of each student as well as behavior management Individual Administration oversees individual school budgets Site administration is responsible for oversee of teachers, high stakes testing and curriculum Decision Making Flow Chart Five Tips for Decision Making. (2012). Retrieved July 21, 2014, from Education World: http://www.educationworld.com/a_admin/decision-making-five-tips.shtml Louisiana Believes. (n.d.). Retrieved July 20, 2014, from Louisiana Believes: http://www.louisianabelieves.com The State Includes State Superintendent, BESE, legislators References Everything that happens in a school is based on a decision someone else made. Everything has its purpose. As a teacher or a teacher leader at a school, we must know there is a chain of command and decisions made at our level are based on directives (or decisions) made at other levels of the educational ladder. It is our job as teachers and teacher leaders to make decisions that are beneficial for our school and our students. Conclusion Before we get mad at decisions made by our administration we have to think about where their directives are coming from. What has the legislation passed down to them. A good leader analyzes their school and decides when it is good to implement certain things based on solid decisions. The District Includes School Board Members, Superintendent and Administration

Decision-Making Flow Chart

Transcript: School Power State Power First are the decisions of the Commissioner of Education, who decides controversies and disputes arising under the school laws through an administrative hearing process. Second are those issued by the School Ethics Commission, which issues decisions with respect to alleged violations of the School Ethics Act. The decision of the State Board of Examiners is the third source; It issues decisions suspending or revoking certificates of teachers (NJDOE, para 4). Federal Law State Statue State Regulation Decisional Law, State Policy, and Local Policy State Regulation New Jersey DOE District Power Pertains to the School Districts and Schools. Districts must adhere by court and state agencies and administrative decisions. There are three primary sources that must be followed and hold the power at the state level. Those primary sources are Commissioner of Education, School Ethics Commission, and State Board of Examiners. Decision-Making Flow Chart The Principals and administration are the policy makers within the school walls. The principals set the rules and regulations that best fit his or her schools. A decision made by the state is the fall cut-off date. The problem is that parents would like to move the date out longer. The state decided that the fall cut out date was appropriate and would stand. It affects the district and school on a more local level by the approved calenders. On a different note it would bring more money to the district if the date was pushed out because the enrollment numbers would increase. The school would benefit by hiring more teachers. Proposals that affect education are looked at by the NJ legislature. When bills are signed by Governor that become part of the New Jersey Statues Annotated Title 18A, education law. State Statue Federal Law Regulates the procedures for state education statues to be implemented. So the DOE works with the Commissioner and State Board of Education to make decisions based on the law. Roxanne De La Rosa EDL 535 May 12, 2014 Rahim Jones Example, Decisional Law, State & Local Policy Local Board of Education members are who make the school's district policy makers. The local Board of Education members make the policies and procedures that more directly affect the students and teachers. Parents can also get involved by attending board meetings. At the federal level law makers, the U.S. Congress, make laws that affect many aspects of education. The federal agencies create rules and regulations that implement federal laws and that are all affected by New Jersey school districts. In the state of NJ only Congress can change state statue.

Decision-Making Flow Chart

Transcript: Promotes and restores patients' health by developing day-to-day management and long-term planning of the patient care area; directing and developing staff; collaborating with physicians and multidisciplinary professional staffs; providing physical and psychological support for patients, friends, and families. Seek alternatives Analyzing alternative tools a manager can use to motivate staff Leadership and Decision Making Presentation By Barbara Eckert April 20,2016 HCS/475 St. Francis Nursing Home Analyze how positive modeling can be used in this scenario and the alternatives available for modeling. Analyze how a leader can use these tools to motivate staff. Explain how leaders and managers motivate staff differently. Explain tips managers can use to empower staff. Analyze how managers can incorporate mentorship into daily responsibilities Conclusion References Evaluate the action Handle staff behavior using standard policies procedures. Evaluates the staffs performance following the standard policies procedures and state guidelines. Develops, implements , and evaluates the programs within the nursing home. Reviews, removes, rewrites, and write policies and procedures, ensuring that staff and doctors know what the policies and procedures are and to hold each individual accountable to following them. Ensure all staff members have adequate resources and materials to do their jobs effectively. Operate as an instructional leader ensuring that all staff develops culturally responsive practices. Troubleshoot Stader, D. (2007). Law and ethics in educational leadership. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Motivating Staff - Globoforce.com‎ dalecarnegie.com/EmployeeMotivation‎ https://images.search.yahoo.com https://youtu.be/_GiuysFb-iY?t=57 Tips that managers can use to empower staff ,leaders and how managers motivate staff differently. Evaluate how goals will be measured to ensure success. Analyze the ethical considerations in leadership and management. Explain other management decisions that must be considered in the scenario to improve employee morale. Analyze how the success of the decisions will be measured. Test alternatives Explaining the goals you want to achieve as a manager. Keep open communication with all staff members vebal and non-verbal Maintains nursing staff by recruiting, selecting, orienting, and training nurses Maintains safe and clean working environment by designing and implementing procedures, rules, and regulations. Maintains professional and technical knowledge by attending educational workshops. Reviewing professional publications; establishing personal networks; participating in professional societies. Maintains a cooperative relationship among health care teams by communicating information. Responding to requests; building suppport, participating in team problem-solving methods. Set the criteria. Identify the purpose challenges of being a manager Identify the purpose Set the criteria Seek alternatives Test alternatives Troubleshoot Evaluate the action • The Nursing staff of the St Francis Nursing Home can now collectively feel that their administration does fully understand a nurse’s job duties and can now provide a ways for the nurses and the staff to share their concerns about the their work environment. Morale can now be on a high, and nurses are not going to have to resign at a rapid pace. They are now currently at a turnover rate of 5% thanks to the great changes that were set in place to benefit everyone. Motivating staff is a big part of leadership in any industry. Because of the high stress nature of staff nursing, motivation and support and proactive work environment improvement policies are very important to retain qualified nurses Regularly Ask for Feedback from staff members Involve Nurses in new Leadership skills Commit to Positive Communication and have a mutual Understanding between all staff members.

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