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Critical Thinking

Transcript: Critical thinking merely means that one must not automatically accept the validity of the information he or she is given. Elements of Thought The term critical thinking refers to the thought processes used to evaluate information and the practice of using such conclusions to guide behavior. The process of critical thinking is associated with accuracy, logic, depth, fairness, credibility, and intellectual clarity. The word “critical” is not used to imply negativity or pessimism, however. Elements of Thought CRITICAL THINKING What is Critical Thinking? "Active, persistent and careful consideration of a belief or supposed form of knowledge in light of the grounds that support it, and the further conclusions to which it tends." (John Dewey, 1909) © 1996-2012 LoveToKnow Identify the question/issue that you are analyzing. Research the topic. Read what experts have to say. Research both sides of a topic if important. Verify your information. Be sure it comes from a reliable source. Analyze the information. Show your reasoning. Explain why the experts are correct or not. Include your opinion. Conclude. Summarize your evaluation of the original statement. Steps in the Critical Thinking Process Know your purpose. Question at issue: What is the key questions. List any secondary questions. Point of view. Whose point of view do you need to consider? Concepts—most important ideas or underlying principles you need to understand. Assumptions—are there generalizations you are taking for granted that should be questioned. Research. Inference/Conclusions—What is your answer to the key question. Implications/Consequences-If your conclusion is correct, what consequences are likely to follow?

Critical Thinking

Transcript: Criteria for informed decision making Colossians 2:3b-4 Is a TOOL to help us focus and enlarge the connections of our knowledge (not just a game or pointless intellectual activity) Critical thinking must have direction, purpose, or a goal Toulmin Model for Critical Thinking Essentials of critical thinking Critical Thinking Critical thinking is the careful and deliberate process of message evaluation. Gamble & Gamble Critical Thinking What is critical thinking? One approach to critical thinking Informed decision making Independent thinking Making connections and seeing the Big Picture (rather than seeing isolated facts) Evaluate the information Sufficient? Coherent? Consistent? Evaluate the source Reputation Qualification and expertise Evaluate the supporting materials (current) “At the heart of critical thinking is the ability and willingness to ask questions.” McKelvain & Perkins (1992) You should brush your teeth with XX toothpaste. (CLAIM) A bright and white smile adds quality to your life. (WARRANT) (XX toothpaste has been shown to actually brighten and whiten teeth in labs. (GROUNDS) *Are there weaknesses? Where? Why don’t more people practice critical thinking? CRITICAL THINKING Claim – a conclusion that is drawn from pieces of information Grounds – the pieces of information that are collected on a topic Warrant – the connecting principles that allow you to link the grounds to the claim, or the information to the conclusion Critical Thinking Toulmin (continued) Summary How to challenge claims: Look for support for the warrant and the claim. Look for rebuttal material (exceptions or unusual circumstances). Qualifiers are applied to claims to test how strong or confident we are of our conclusions. Example of Toulmin In Christ are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. I tell you this so that no one may deceive you by fine-sounding arguments. They don’t know how It requires courage, empathy, and integrity. “Asking hard questions, making new connections and examining experiences from new perspectives will inevitably challenge our view of the world.” (p.30)

Critical Thinking

Transcript: European countries carved up Africa without trying to keep ethnic groups together. 1889-1913 Menelik used profits from ivory sales to buy modern weapons. Hired European advisers to teach his soldiers how to use the new guns. New army conquered neighboring lands and won a stunning victory over the Italians at Adowa. European nations rushed to establish diplomatic ties with Ethiopia. So what? This guy needs to move out of Mom's basement. What are the of Synthesis So what? Connections Pan-Africanism effects on the continent of Africa? Divide Ethnic Groups Apartheid So what? Every burgeoning town needs a good inn. “The young Lizzie van Zyl who died in the Bloemfontein concentration camp: She was a frail, weak little child in desperate need of good care. Yet, because her mother was one of the “undesirables” due to the fact that her father neither surrendered nor betrayed his people, Lizzie was placed on the lowest rations and so perished with hunger that, after a month in the camp, she was transferred to the new small hospital. Here she was treated harshly. The English disposed doctor and his nurses did not understand her language and, as she could not speak English, labeled her an idiot although she was mentally fit and normal. One day she dejectedly started calling for her mother, when a Mrs Botha walked over to her to console her. She was just telling the child that she would soon see her mother again, when she was brusquely interrupted by one of the nurses who told her not to interfere with the child as she was a nuisance.” Genocide AIDS Epidemic Coup d'etat "Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic)." Writing Anchor Standard 2.f 1920s Tried to emphasize the unity of Africans and people of African descent worldwide. Lead by Jamaica-born Marcus Garvey. He preached a forceful, appealing message of “Africa for Africans” Demanded an end to colonial rule. Garvey’s ideas influenced a new generation of African leaders. Didn''t lead to any immediate changes. Ethiopian King Menelik II Organization Imperialism Curriculum 3. The curriculum emphasizes depth of understanding and application of knowledge through: inquiry and problem-solving higher order thinking cross-disciplinary learning authentic learning opportunities both in and out of school informed and ethical use of technology. Instruction 2. Teachers’ instructional practices support the achievement of the school’s 21st century learning expectations by: personalizing instruction engaging students in cross-disciplinary learning engaging students as active and self-directed learners emphasizing inquiry, problem-solving, and higher order thinking applying knowledge and skills to authentic tasks engaging students in self-assessment and reflection integrating technology. Makes you better able to understand references in popular culture. 1948-1993 A system of racial segregation setup in South Africa Created to make sure that the whites remained in control of South Africa. Analysis Significance NEASC Accreditation Standards Rwanda 800,000 killed Darfur 300,000 killed (1899-1902) Boers ( Dutch settlers) vs. British Empire Fought over gold and diamond mines. First use of concentration camps in modern warfare Britain wins, but South Africa becomes an independent nation by 1910 Run by the whites (20% of the population) So what? Even Legos need a place to sleep. Makes you a better reader because you can identify and understand allusions in Western literature. Each day, 6,000 Africans die from AIDS. Each day, an additional 11,000 are infected. (UN) the forcible overthrow of a government More than half of all African nations suffered military coups Boer War

critical thinking

Transcript: Analysis A woman/men in a red convertible car raped and cutthroat with several wounds 3 miles over the road. 1. Police He stopped her on the road because of speed limit 2. Doctor Lavalle She was her psychologist and doctor Transsexual 3. Hamshaw (Baby-sitter) She was the mother of Lavalle son and assistance in the ilegal operations 3. Benway (Husband) He was the husband of the Doctor and the guilty of the murder to protect his wife CSI Investigarors team Science Methods Autopsy Dna (Finger prints,saliva,blood..) The Husband Synthesis A crime of an transsexual person involved the doctor, a police,the husband are the primary suspects of the case. The ransexxual got a videos of an ilegal doctor that operates people without medical knowledge and dangerous way.By the csi team investigation they catch the guilty of the murder; the husband try to hide the evidence and protect his wife. If she was a transexual and her husband didn`t mentioned it, Then her husband didn`t knew that she was man. Being a transexual person is not bad, and having sex-change surgeries in a cellar is a good way to help people. He decided to turn into a woman because he has felt always like one and he liked men. Mercedes had a failed surgery Most of the guys in the brothel (prostibulo) had a bad surgery Sara (the dead girl) had taken out her (manzana de adan) because of a bad surgery Mercedez told the police that the doctor who made the surgery went to india after every surgery They found sweat in one of the hand gloves. There was another person helping in the surgeries The police officer let the woman go and he doesn’t follow her. The DNA they have wasn’t from the officer. Logically, the police officer didn’t killed the woman. Bibliography Jorge Rebollo C A Suspects C 3º argument B Critical thinking Project 2 (cc) image by nuonsolarteam on Flickr Invalid C B Explanations Rhetorical Question Crime scene Deductive Arguments Case 1º Inductive argument Valid The doctor’s job was in risk. Her husband wanted to protect her. So he killed the woman that had the evidence. Valid The other one who helped in the surgery should know who was the doctor The bloody footprint was of the doctor The one who killed the girl had a bloody dirty shoe Statements of belief or opinion Conclusion B The woman had many implants. Her personal information was registered as the one of a man. So she was a transsexual person. Guilty Theories A 2º argument The people should accept their sex. The doctor wasnt ethical because she didnt had a license to run the surgeries, and she also changed her sex. The husband of the doctor also did bad because he killed the evidences and obztuct the law. A 3 inductive arguments Inductive Arguments Why did you think the doctor was acting good by doing those illegal operations, also did you think the husband of the doctor act also right by killing that woman to protect the doctors job? José Negrete Olivares A01350 Pablo Ramos Ojeda a01350368 Rodrigo Gaona Barragan a01350338 Manuel Guerrero Vasquez a01350 Paula Bermeo Ortiz A01350 Conditional statements Deductive Arguments

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