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Colon Cancer

Transcript: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/colon-and-rectal http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/colon-cancer/DS00035 Sources Kayla Ramsey Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in the United States. It affects the large intestine and rectum Description Details Colon Cancer Causes Potential Cures and Preventative Measures Symptoms include: change in your bowel habits, which basically means diarrhea or constipation Weakness or fatigue Unexplained weight loss Narrow stool Blood in stool Abdominal pain or tenderness in lower abdomen Early diagnosis can often lead to a complete cure There is no single cause You have a higher risk of colon cancer if you: Are older than 60 Are African American of eastern European descent Eat a diet high in red or processed meats Have cancer elsewhere in the body Have inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) Have a family history of colon cancer Have a personal history of breast cancer Cancer that forms in the tissues of the colon (the longest part of the large intestine). Most colon cancers are adenocarcinomas (cancers that begin in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Estimated new cases and deaths from colon and rectal cancer in the United States in 2012: New cases: 103,170 (colon); 40,290 (rectal) Deaths: 51,690 (colon and rectal combined) Symptoms Treatment: Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Prevention Colon cancer can almost always be caught by colonoscopy in its earliest and most curable stages. Almost all men and women age 50 and older should have a colon cancer screening. Patients at risk may need earlier screening. Changing your diet and lifestyle is important. Some evidence suggests that low-fat and high-fiber diets may reduce your risk of colon cancer.

Colon Cancer

Transcript: A change in your bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation or a change in the consistency of your stool Rectal bleeding or blood in your stool Persistent abdominal discomfort, such as cramps, gas or pain A feeling that your bowel doesn't empty completely Weakness or fatigue Unexplained weight loss Treatments: Rehabilitation Surgery for early-stage colon cancer Surgery for invasive colon cancer Surgery for advanced cancer Chemotherapy: uses drugs to destroy cancer cells. Radiation therapy: uses powerful energy sources, such as X-rays, to kill any cancer cells that might remain after surgery, to shrink large tumors, or to relieve symptoms of colon cancer and rectal cancer. Targeted drug therapy: are typically reserved for people with advanced colon cancer. It?? Assessment Findings Causes: Increasing age Family history of colon cancer or polyps Previous colon cancer or adenomatous polyps High consumption of alchol Cigarette Ssmoking Obesity History of gastrectomy Etc. Patient Teaching Signs and Symptoms Complications: Tumor growth may cause partial or complete bowel obstruction. Extension of the tumor and ulceration into the surrounding blood vessels result in hemorrhage. Perforation, abscess formation. peritonitis, sepsis, and shock may occur. Medical Science Jennifer Younce In early stages of the disease, many people may not experience symptoms Causes and Complications IS Includes physical therapy and occupational therapy Blood tests to better understand what may be causing your signs and symptoms, but there are no blood tests that can detect colon cancer Using a scope to examine the inside of your colon a long, flexible and slender tube attached to a video camera and monitor to view your entire colon and rectum Using dye and X-rays to make a picture of your colon barium enema allows your doctor to evaluate your entire colon with an X-ray Using multiple CT images to create a picture of your colon Virtual colonoscopy combines multiple computerized tomography (CT) images to create a detailed picture of the inside of your colon Bowel management can produce an increase in the number of daily bowel movements. Colostomy can allow patients to achieve some measure of control over the timing of a bowel movement, however, by regularly irrigating, or flushing fluid into, the stoma once every day or two. Lifestyle considerations such as eating a healthy diet. Surveillance means patients should be seen at three-to-six-month intervals for three years. Sexual function changes the way people see themselves. Fertility patients should talk to physician before surgery because radiation can destroy sperm and eggs. Diagnostic Tests Your rehabilitation therapist will help you build strength and endurance so you can maintain the energy you need to perform daily tasks and how to apply it. Helps cancer patients stay physically strong so they can tolerate treatments such as chemotherapy and continue to participate in everyday activities Colon Cancer Interventions Most important diagnostic procedures: fecal occult blood testing barium enema proctoisgmoidoscopy colonoscopy carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Colon Cancer

Transcript: Cells normally grow and divide only when they are needed to keep our bodies functioning properly. But sometimes, the mechanisms that regulate cell growth stop working and cells divide out of control to form tumors. This is called cancer. When cancer develops in the cells lining the colon, it is called colon cancer. People who have a history of colon cancer in their family are at a great risk of getting the disease.These families are considered high-risk, because they may have inherited one of two rare genetic conditions: FAP (familial adenomatous polyposis) or HNPCC (hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer). FAP is caused by a mutation of the APC gene on chromosome 5. APC is a tumor gene, which means that it prevents uncontrolled cell growth. People who inherit a mutated form of this gene develop growths called polyps in their colon. By the age of 15, they may have hundreds of these. Polyps are not dangerous at first, but if they aren't treated, they will develop into colon cancer. Colon Cancer causes many problems in the stomach and bowels, such as: Diarrhea or Constipation, blood in the stool, vomiting, bloating, cramps and unexplained weight loss. Colon Cancer is inherited from others in your family, when diagnosed with colon cancer, it is likely that if not treated, you will be more likely to develop other cancers, such as ovarian, stomach, brain and liver cancers. 90% of patients will survive the disease after going through treatment. If the cancer hasn't yet spread into the surrounding tissues, it can be treated with special chemicals, or radiation. If that doesn't work, a surgery can be performed to remove the polyps and the cancerous part of the colon. http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/colon/index.html Colon Cancer Symptoms Resources Treatment

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