Child Development Presentation
Transcript: Child Development 0-12 Months By: Karrie Hardy & Katelyn Earnest Cognitive Development Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development Sensorimotor Stage- intelligence is demonstrated through motor activity without the use of symbols. Knowledge of the world is limited, but developing. Also during this stage infants will acquire object permanence at about 7 months. Cognitive Development Timeline Newborn Most newborns can focus on and follow objects, distinguish the pitch and volume of sound, see all colors and distinguish their hue and brightness, and start anticipating events 6 Months Imitate sounds, recognize parents, fear strangers, distinguish between animate and inanimate objects. 9 Months imitate gestures and actions, experiment with the physical properties of objects, understand simple words such as "no," and understand that an object still exists even when they cannot see it. 12 Months Can follow a fast moving object, associate names with objects, develop attachments to objects and suffer seperation anxiety when away from parents. Babies recognize their own name between the ages of 4-7 months. Information for Exceptionalities This scale involves interaction with the examiner and child to determine cognitive delays. An example of a basic response might involve introducing an interesting object for the child to track with his eyes Social/Emotional Development emotional development refers to the attainment of emotional capabilities and their expansion as the child grows. Social development is learning the skills that enable a person to interact and communicate with others in a meaningful way. Erikson's Psychosocial Theory If the parents expose the child to warmth, regularity, and dependable affection, the infant's view of the world will be one of trust. Should the parents fail to provide a secure environment and to meet the child's basic needs a sense of mistrust will result Timeline 1 Month Distress and simple pleasure. 2 Months Anger and Contentment. 3-4 Months Sadness and Joy. 6-12 Months Fear, suprise and interest. Information for Exceptionalities Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is more common in young children recently. Tests for this disorder do not start until the infant is 12 months old. Communication Development Are the skills needed to use language (spoken, written, signed, or otherwise communicated) to interact with others Timeline By the end of... 3 Months Ability to make cooing sounds and cry differently for different reasons. 6 Months Ability to babble repeated syllables and gurgle while playing. 12 Months Try to imitate words, say few words like "dada" or "mama", understand what "no" means. Information for Exceptionalities •Expressive language disorder: Disorder characterized by impairment in expressive language development. •Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder : Impairment in both receptive and expressive language development. The affected child has a more difficult time understanding and expressing language as compared to peers. •Phonological disorder : Inability to use expected speech sounds appropriate for the child's age and dialect. •Stuttering: Unexpected disturbances in the normal patterns and flow of speech. Physical Development The development and growth of a child's mobility and body. Timeline 1 Month Weight decreases by 10% immediately after birth and returns to birth weight by 2 weeks of age. Grasps objects placed in hands and sucks objects put in mouth. 2 Months More deliberate movements Limbs more extended Can lift head temporarily when lying on stomach Some delay in raising head when pulled to a sitting position from lying on back Hands tightly fisted most of the time 4-5 Months No head lag when pulled to sitting position from lying on back. Reaches and grasps objects, brings to them to mouth while lying on back, holds objects indefinitely, stands when held, plays with hands and feet. Begins to teethe 6-8 Months Begins to hold bottle with own hands, sits up on own, pivots and crawls while lying on stomach, feeds self with hands, can hold more than one object at the same time. 9-12 Months Begins the foundation for walking, pulls self up onto furniture, can hold objects in between fingers. Information for Exceptionalities A practical method of evaluating the physical condition of a newborn infant shortly after delivery. The End. Definition- Fun Fact: At the age of 12 months babies can understand full sentences. Trust vs. Mistrust- Defintion- Bayley Scale Apgar Test Fun Fact: Definition- Definition- Bibliography
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