Milestone Presentation
Transcript: Nature Vs. Nurture Topics Covered: •Half from biological mother, half from biological father. •Natural disasters. Milestone Presentation Kristina Elliott Erikson's 8 Stages of Psychosocial Development •Parenting styles, family dynamics, etc. •City, rural environment, suburbs, overcrowded area, adequate housing etc. •Nature: Biological influences (genetic makeup of the individual, biological/genetic predisposition, etc.). •Nurture: Influences of the physical and social environment on the individual (pollution, exposure to toxins/illness, natural disasters, learning experiences, parenting styles, peers, etc.). How do these work together to shape development? Epigenetic Effects: “The way in which environmental influences alter genetic expression and, in turn, developmental outcomes.” Genes alone do not determine anything. Environmental influences combined with genetic influences to determine what genes are expressed. End results = the way a person looks, feels, thinks, acts, and develops. •Chromosomes are made of DNA. DNA contains genes. •Erik Erikson (1902-1994) believed that personality evolves through systematic stages (psychosocial stages). •Eight (8) stages. •The developing individual is faced with a conflict during each stage. •Goal is to resolve each conflict before moving to the next stage, but biological maturation and social demands (example of nature and nurture working together to further development) force the individual to move regardless if the conflict is resolved or not. •The “I want” Vs. the “I need/I should/I better” •Real Self: True wants and desires. Contributing factor to the “mid-life crisis”. •Ideal Self: Systematically imposed expectations. Things an individual must do to be included in the family, social system, with peers, etc. •The conflict of the two can lead to mood disorders such as anxiety or depression. •Health care, exposure to toxins, pollution, exposure to diseases, etc. •Gene expression. Questions? Nature Influences of the environment we are exposed to from birth on that influences gene expression. Nurture •46 Chromosomes (23 pairs). •Nature Vs. Nurture •Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development •The “Real Self” Vs. the “Ideal Self” Nature and Nurture Work Together Real Self Vs. Ideal Self