Loading…
Physical Education History Timeline
953
Transcript
Early Heritage in Sports & Gymnastics
Chapter 7
Greeks, Spartans, Athenians, Romans, Medieval Europe, Enlightenment, Naturalism, Nationalism, Great Britain,
EARLY CULTURES
Before 776 B.C.
776 to 371 B.C.
776 to 480 B.C.
80 to 338 B.C.
776 B.C. to 400 A.D.
500 B.C. to 27 B.C.
THE ROMAN REPUBLIC
27 B.C. to 476 A.D.
500 to 1500 A.D.
1450 to 1650 A.D.
1700S
1770 to 1830
1800s
Native Americans, Colonial Americans, Catharine Beecher, Dioclesion Lewis, Edward Hitchcock, Dudley Sargent, Delphine Hanna, William Anderson, YMCA,
Men's Amateur Sports, Women & Sports
1600 to 1800s
1800 to 1900
1824 to 1879
1885 to 1900
1880s
Late 1800s
THE PLAYGROUND MOVEMENT
- Immigration
- Influx of Americans into urban areas
- Provide safe play areas
- 1896-1st sandbox
- 1894-Settlement Houses
COLLEGIATE SPORTS FOR MEN
Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
1920s
History & Development
of Physical Education
Figure 7.1 - Page 221
Modern Physical Education
Chapter 9
Early American Physical Education & Sport
Chapter 8
Table 8-1, Page 237
Physical Fitness
Adapted Physical Education
Men's Intercollegiate Athletics
Intramurals
Women's Sports
Title IX
Amateur Athletic Union
1879
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Table 8-5, Page 250
THE SPARTANS
TITLE IX
EGYPTIANS, PERSIANS, CHINESE DYNASTIES
INTRAMURALS
ADAPTED PE
COLLEGIATE SPORTS FOR WOMEN
DEVELOPMENT OF AMATEUR SPORTS
WOMEN'S SPORTS
MEDIEVAL EUROPE
EARLY ATHENIANS
PAN-HELLENIC FESTIVALS
LATE ATHENIANS
HOMERIC GREEKS
THE NEW PHYSICAL EDUCATION
ESTABLISHMENT OF NORMAL SCHOOLS
Founding of the National Association
THE ROMAN EMPIRE
BATTLE OF THE SYSTEMS
THE ENLIGHTENMENT
RENAISSANCE & REFORMATION
NATIVE AMERICANS
GERMAN GYMNASTICS IN THE U.S.
SPORTS IN GREAT BRITAIN
NATIONALISM
NATURALISM
MEN'S INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS
EARLY AMERICANS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Asceticism
Clothing hindered women
Luther Gulick
Catharine Beecher
Schools& Gymnasiums became more like resorts than places for exercise...
Diocleisian Lewis
Calisthenics for girls
Dudley Sargent School for Physical Education
started the Normal school
Key Points:
Humanism
Key Points:
German, Swedish, Hitchcock, Sargent
Palaestra
Specialized Institution for preparing students to become teachers
Stade Races
- 1917 - Committee of Women's Athletics
- Attire restricted sport choice
- Field Days - women to compete, social
- Play Days -
- Sports Days - social, only one sport
- 1960s - views changed and women's participation was encouraged
Pythian
William Anderson
Wrestling school for boys
- NCAA governing men/women's athletics
- 1972 - Title IX passed - no gender descrimination in sports
- Javits Amendment 1974 - regulates sport participation
- 1984 - Only applicable to programs funded by government
- 1993 - NCAA published gender equality study
- 1998 - additions to the amendment
Isthmian
Knights
Turnfests
Pentathlon
Developing the whole individual through participation in play, sports, games, and natural outdoor activities
Key Points:
All Greeks competed
Pages
Pancratium
Squires
Nemean
Halteres
Lacrosse or Baggat-away
Friedrich Jahn
Key points:
1885
Young Men's Christian Association Training School
Develop the all-around man and send him as a physical director to the increasing number of YMCAs, both nationally and internationally
New Leaders
- Rehabilitation Act 1973
- Education Amendment Act 1974
- Education for All Handicaped
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP)
- IDEA Act
- Free appropriate public education, evaluation, IEP, least restrictive education
Fencing
Climbing
4 hr daily program:
- Natural activities
- Greek gymnastics
- Military exercises
- Knightly activities
- Manual labor
Haraean Games
Double Ball
Thomas Wood
Catherine Beecher's calisthenics became acceptable
Olympic Games
Footraces
Education through the Physical
"Arete"
Paidotribes
German Gymnastics
Women competed
Key Points:
Agoge
Turnplatz
John Locke
Turners
JOUSTING
First Physical Education teachers
Figure 9.2, Page 264
Chariot races
Philanthropinum - Johann Basedow
- 1913 - Michigan & Ohio state had Intramural Directors
- 1919 - Mitchell founded Intramural program at Michigan
- 1940 - Co-ed Intramurals started
- 1970s - student fees supported Intramurals
Meeting at Adelphi Academy 1885
Delphine Hannah
Dancing
Fencing
Riding
Vaulting
Jumping
Running
Throwing
Wrestling
Balance Beams
High jumping poles
Jumping ditches
Tree swings
Archery
Skating
Swimming
Marching
Gardening
Wood working
1866 - California passes law
(twice daily PE for minimum of 5 min)
1892 - Ohio 1st lasting PE law
1894 - Louisiana
1897 - Wisconsin
1899 - North Dakota
1901 - Pennsylvania
Amherst College - 1st to require PE
Boys - taught to be soldiers
Girls - bear healthy children, gymnastics, wrestling,
Athenians fell to Macedonians
- Yoga
- Archery
- Football
swimming, dancing, horseback riding
Formation of the Association for the Advancement of Physical Education (today's AAHPERD)
Grand Tourney or Melee
Warriors & Recreation
- Hunting
- Charioteering
- Warfare
- Wrestling
- Swimming
- Dancing
- 1906 - NCAA was formed
- D1, D2, D3 were formed
- D1 problems - gambling, recruiting, academic violations
- 1952 - NAIA
- 1938 - NJCAA - Junior colleges
Gladiator Contests
Danish Gymnastics
Normal School of the North American Gymnastic Union
"Greek Ideal"
- Came about during war times
- Because of poor tests... started the Presidential Fitness tests
- National Recreation Association - leisure time became important
- Popular sports - bowling, softball
- Fitness mania in 1970s
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Pierre de Coubertin
Education for upper class boys only
Page 207-208, Table 7-1, 7-2
Naturalism
British Amateur Sport Ideal
Boarding or Public Schools
Swedish Gymnastics
Day's Order
Hjalmar Ling
Age, ability, and gender appropriate
Figure 7.2, Page 223
Anthropometric Measurements
James Naismith developed basketball
Height, weight, chest girth, lung capacity - evaluate the effects of his program and compare progress
Committee on Women's Basketball
Harvard College - 1879
Shinny
- 1896 - 1st Intercollegiate game - U of California vs. Stanford
- 1890s - Women's Track & Field became popular
THE COLONIES
Ancient Egypt
3,200 BCE- 30 BCE