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Presidents of the Antebellum Period

  • Abraham Lincoln (16th US President)
  • Martin Van Buren (eighth US President)
  • Andrew Jackson (seventh US President)
  • William Henry Harrison (ninth US President

Technology

Martin Van Buren

  • lived 1782-1862
  • One of Andrew Jackson's most influential adviser before his own presidency
  • Van Buren was known as "Old Kinderhook"
  • The term "O.K." was derived from Buren's signature approval which he took the initials from his nickname

1837–1841

Wiliam Henry Harrison

  • Lived 1773-1841
  • Served the shortest presidency ever, one month
  • Supported by Whigs Party
  • After winning presidency he gave a long inauguration speech on a cold day, he then received pneumonia and died with one month in office

1841-1841

Andrew Jackson

  • Lived 1767-1845
  • Nicknamed "Old Hickory" because of his aggressive and assertive traits
  • In 1833, Jackson tries to beat former Navy Lieutenant Robert Beverly Randolph for allegedly pulling Jackson's nose
  • Appealed for the common man
  • Portrayed as a "King" in their free country by his enemies

1829–1837

Abraham Lincoln

  • Lived 1809-1865
  • Lincoln is among the most renowned presidents for handling a country in the midst of a civil war
  • Lincoln supposedly freed the slaves

1861-1865

Summary

Printing Press: made mass production of newspaper possible

Telegraph: allowed for distant communication in which was hard or long to achieve before

Photography: a renovation for Americans everywhere, portraits were everywhere

Cotton Gin: Improved rate of cotton harvesting which boomed Southern economy

In this period before the Civil War, leaps of technology and elaborations in sectional differences started to provoke white powers. Ideas forming organizations and parties rival other ideas which also harbor other organizations and parties. Much conflict brews as war is not distant from this period.

The Antebellum Period (1810-1860)

  • The Antebellum Period is Latin for "pre-war" which indicates before the Civil War. However, this period of American history can sometimes be best known because of the Civil War.

  • Major differences were aspiring to be made in America's sectional differences. Blacks and females were undergoing changes in rights while hard labor workers stood up for their positions.

Political Parties

  • The First Party system was introduced 1792.
  • The first two rivaling political parties were Federalists and Democrat-Republicans.
  • Like in modern political parties, these two parties fought over power, namely presidency.
  • Likely being the first modern party system in the world, they were based on votes, not factions of aristocrats at court or parliament.
  • These two political parties were featured until 1824

Democratic-Republican Party

  • Was founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
  • Held most power after year 1800
  • Supported the rural areas of planters and farmers
  • Opposed strong executive powers
  • Disapproved of standing army and navy
  • Sided with "limited reading" of Constitution
  • Favored the French rather the British as partners

limited reading: reading of

what is directly displayed on

the reading rather what is

morally interpreted.

Federalist Party

  • Founded by Alexander Hamilton
  • Held most power before the year 1800
  • Supported urban areas of industry and commerce
  • Promoted national bank and financial systems, encouraged banking and manufacturing
  • Federalists favored British because of political stability (which the French did not have) and its close ties to American trade.

Whig Party

Slavery

Slavery was a major issue in the antebellum period that sparked the Civil War. Although the Southern economy was dependent on slave labor, it meddled with moral and legal concerns. In a country which has proclaimed individual equality, slavery was despised by many.

Antebellum Women

Women, at the time, were not in control of any possessions, property, or materials which means they were also forbidden to sell these items. Such items were controlled by their husbands. Money also was controlled by the husband of a married couple. Women could not sue nor be sued and they could not make a contract. However, in 1857 The Married Woman's Property Bill passes in the U.S. Congress. The Bill granted women access to make contracts, sue and be sued, and inherit and bequeath property.

During the Revolutionary War, two opposing were made, the Whigs and the Loyalists. Like our present most known political parties, Democrats and Republicans, these parties opposed each other with varying ideas. Whigs and Loyalists are filled with White men. These Parties were created in terms of their support for whom they sided in the Revolutionary War.

  • Loyalist- remained loyal to Great Britain and the King

  • Whig- supports colonists and patriots while yearning for independence

Slave Fashion in the Antebellum Era

White Fashion in the Antebellum Era

  • For slaves, choice of clothing was not at an optimal; the owner of the slaves dictated everyday life for them including clothes

-Much of what slave men wore consisted of pants alone and during winters, a knee-length coat

-Slave women received dresses and were given heavy wraps used as shawls during winters

-Slave children were commonly nude, however, some wear typically found wearing oversized shirts

  • Slaves received one pair of shoes and three under garments once a year
  • Most articles of clothing often did not fit the slave

Although most slaves were ill-dressed, some slaves were demesticated by high class white families, they were usually found wearing clothes which were similar to their masters because not only was a slave judged by his skin color but also his apparel.

Women in the Antebellum period wore dresses which were long and sometimes were a full article of clothing by itself. More elegant and richer women usually wore more expensive dresses with more intricate patterns. Men however wore clothing which consisted of trousers and shirt. Higher class of men often were found wearing tuxedo-like clothing.

After the war, and America had proven its independence, such differentiation between those loyal to Britain and not were null. The Whig party had no reason to exist until President Jackson had his firm Democratic party around him. The Whig party previously named itself so in opposition to the King of Britain; in opposition to president Jackson, the Whig was once again formed to express Jackson's "Kingly" actions. Whigs were strong supporters of social order (hierarchy) and "Elites".

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