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The Tundra

Boreal and

Taiga Forest

Mixed Forest

Cordilleran

Boreal and Taiga Forest

Thank you for watching!

South of the Boreal Forest

South of the Tundra

What about it?

By: Amy Martin

Western Canada

This forest is a transition between the deciduous and the boreal forest. There is regular and abundant precipitation in this region which is very healthy for both types of trees. When the leaves from the wide range of trees falls to the ground it creates humus. The humus hold water and less soluble minerals are taken away from the grey brown colored top soil. Because of this, the mixed forest region in Canada is very suitable for farming.

Vegetation

For: Ms.Mohr

Vegetation?

Grasslands

Due: Friday, October 4, 2012

West Coast Forest

Temperatures are warmer in valleys and precipitation is moderately heavy on the west side of a mountain. This causes vegetation to differ greatly. Where the temperature is warmer grasses and cacti grow. The soil is also similar to the prairie grasslands here. Where there is a greater amount of precipitation forests grow. top of Cordilleran mountain ranges are similar to the tundra: only meadows of flowers and shrubs above the treeline. On the highest points of the slope no vegetation can survive resulting in snow, bare rock, and ice.

What about it?

The mixed forest is composed of

coniferous and deciduous tress. The

variety of trees is excellent for the

lumbering industry. Sadly, little of the

forest in the southern region remains

because of lumbering, agriculture, city development, and because of

transportation.

Soil?

Coniferous tress grow south of the line

separating the tundra from the boreal

and taiga forest. Because coniferous tress

lose few needles in the year the humus

layer is very shallow. This makes the

soil grey. The needles that do drop are

acidic which makes the soil acidic.

This combined with the lack of humus

makes the soil unsuitable for

agriculture.

On the mountains of the Western Cordillera there are many different types of soil. The amount of each soil and type differentiates on the elevation, rainfall, slope, and vegetation cover within the mountain range. The characteristics may change radically within short distances.

West Coast Forest

Mixed Forest

Examples of trees

that grow in the Boreal

and Taiga Forest

This region has

cold temperatures and short growing seasons.

Coniferous

White Spruce

West Coast

Balsam Fir

Cordilleran Vegetation

Black Spruce

Along the west coast grows lush forests. There is heavy precipitation and a mild climate which is excellent for growing. The trees that grow in this region have been crucial to British Columbia's lumbering industry. This rich vegetation provides much plant material which makes humus. The high rainfall leaches minerals in the soil deeply.

Deciduous Forest

Wildlife?

Deciduous Forest

Southwestern

There is a small amount of wildlife in the tundra because of the lack of vegetation. It also limits the variety and population of species.

What else?

Ontario

Soil?

The tundra has permafrost and only the top meter thaws during the summer. Because water cannot drain downwards the surface of the tundra becomes water logged. This results in an extremely short growing season. There is very little humus in the very thin layer of soil. This is because of the lack of vegetation, water logged soil, and the cold climate.

Examples of trees growing in the deciduous Forest Vegetation Region

Black walnut

The soils of this vegetation region contains more humus than the mixed forest region and has less acidity because of the larger amount of deciduous tress. The dark brown topsoil is rich with humus.

Hickory

Beech

Tundra

Maple

Ash

Summers in southwestern Ontario are long and hot while winters are relatively mild. This region receives much precipitation which is ideal for most of the trees that grow in this region. Sadly on some of this forest remains because most of it has been cleared for agricultural development and urban development.

Northern Canada

Grasslands

Southern Manitoba

Vegetation?

Saskatchewan and Alberta

Three subdivisions

Because of the dry climate, species such as trembling aspen, willow, and spruce, grow in river valleys. The deep root system of the grass forms a sod mat. This absorbs moisture which therefore holds the soil in place. Even though the grass may dies of the roots still remain alive.

Short-grass Prairie

-vegetation consists of short grasses, sagebrush, and cacti

The tundra has a great lack of vegetation. Trees do not grow because

the climate is to cold and dry. Small shrubs, lichens, and mosses grow on ground level.

-warm dry climate

-little amount humus produced in soil

-not suitable for farming but for cattle grazing.

-in the driest areas of southern Saskatchewan and Alberta

Grass Prairie

-ideal for growing grains and oil seeds

-large amounts of humus are produced which results in rich black soil.

-produces some of the best grains in the world due to having the richest soil in Canada.

Parkland

-transition zone

-long grass and clumps of trees

-coniferous trees mainly in the northern park of the parkland and deciduous trees in the southern part.

Seven Vegetation

Regions in

Canada

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