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Marcel Mauss (1872-1950)

  • Collaborative research
  • Ethnographic comparison
  • Concrete to the abstract

Our way of being?

Why we move how we do?

Techniques of the Body

Movements of the same type, specific to a society, at a given time?

4 principles of the classification of body techniques:

1.Sexual division of body techniques

2.Variations of body techniques with age

3.Classification of body techniques according to efficiency

4.Transmission of the form of the techniques

Biographical list of body techniques:

Include techniques of birth, infancy, adolescence, adult life, sleep, waking, movement, care for the body, consumption, and reproduction.

“There is no technique and no transmission in the absence of tradition. This above all is what distinguishes man from the animals: the transmission of his techniques and very probably their oral transmission”

"Total Man"

Biological, Psychological, Sociological influences

“Our individual consciousness arises out of collective consciousness”

Habits that..

  • vary between societies, educations, fashions, and statuses
  • developed out of collective and individual practical reasons
  • are learned

Mauss liked to categorize

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