History and Theory Influential Study Presentation

Hello, everyone.

My name is Giselle Lozano, and today I will be

guiding us through a presentation called The Nature of Love

by Harry F.

Harlow. My take on it is providing a more of

a. Then versus a now aspect is I will tie

Harlow's findings on attachment and love into more modern findings

in psychology today.

So let's look at our first full point of what

is love.

According Toa Harlow, love is a wondrous state, deep, tender

and rewarding.

This is a definition I think we can all understand

it to be.

Harlem sparked the interest, not necessarily because of the emotion

itself. More so the power of the emotion.

Um, he was kind of thinking this is a very

common and spoken of emotion that we have no research

on right now.

And why is that happening?

Essentially, he was kind of questioning the fact that this

is an emotion that pervades our entire lives that we

have no knowledge over, except for just giving each other

flowers on a special day or writing a letter to

our loved ones.

So this is when Harlow decides to take love into

the lab.

Now that we know some of Carlo's motivations into learning

more about love and attachment.

Let's look at his love hypothesis.

Mhm. How long was assessing essentially the foundational aspect of

why we develop attachment towards our caregivers and where love

essentially comes from?

So he was wondering, Does our attachment to our primary

caregivers and infancy come from having our primary needs be

met? These needs being hunger, thirst, elimination, pain and sex.

Or does it come from another factor he was defining?

Another factors may be a love or affection or a

physical presence.

So Harlow was trying to say, Waas, are we developing

these attachments to our caregivers because they're feeding us when

we're hungry or giving us something when we're thirsty or

eliminating pain from us or eliminating loneliness or anything like

that, Um, or are we developing these attachments due to

something else?

So the big question do we form our love bonds

to our maternal figures because they fulfill our primary needs?

Well, let's look at Carlos objectives.

Harlow was attempting to assess the role of maternal attachment

specifically in monkeys, and he wanted to compare the strength

of attachment according to two factors.

Thes two factors being one contact comfort and to nursing

practices. So essentially, Harlem set up this study to provide

two sources of maternal figures for the infant monkeys within

the lab setting.

The monkeys were kind of held in these cages in

which they were provided with these two factors.

So the first figure here was a kind of cubbie

like area in which the monkeys were able to go

into to be able to be fed, so that little

Cubby had a straw attached to it.

So the monkeys were able to go and sit on

the strong when they were hungry or thirsty, and right

next to it, he had a figure that was serving

to physically represent a monkey or a mom monkey.

Essentially, um, this mom monkey was adult like figure shaped

out of wood and covered in a cloth that was

providing, like, a soft nature to the monkeys whenever they

would kind of up close to it.

And, um, this kind of figure had a face that

had eyes that had a mouth and actually only had

one breast, so the breast wasn't actually serving to produce

any lactation.

It was actually just a representative feature to provide that

visualization for the monkeys.

Eso They kind of like, saw that figure as an

actual mother.

Eso He kind of put these figures next to each

other. And he was trying to assess whether the monkeys

were going to gravitate more toward the figure that was

feeding them or if they were going to gravitate more

toward the figure that was present.

And it was there for 24 hours.

It was providing, um, warmth and comfort.

And also, one thing I forgot to mention about this

figure is that it had a light bulb that was

on top of it that was serving to kind of

radiate heat onto the monkey when it was near it.

So in this figure, um, the monkey was experiencing, as

I mentioned that close contact comfort as well as that

same radiated heat that the monkey would experience with being

close to their actual maternal figure.

Um, as our bodies produce that heat naturally, so let's

look into his structure.

So let's look into the structure and methods that Harlow

used to carry out this study microscope.

Harlow is studying love because he believes it makes an

indelible impact on a young life, the relationship between a

mother and her child.

What Harlow calls our earliest social environment could hold the

key to explaining behavior throughout life.

Hello, designs.

A set of ingenious experiments.

Hey, races a baby monkey allowing him to choose between

two surrogate mothers.

Ah, wire mother that feeds you and a cloth father

that doesn't a cloth mother that Harlow thinks might provide

something else comfort.

So, as we can see in that video, the study

kind of allowed for the monkeys toe have the two

sources of food and contact comfort.

So let's look at the results of the study.

So Harlow was actually come to be surprised with the

fact that the monkeys were preferring the contact comfort over

the food source.

So in instances of fear and insecurity and general existence

within the lab setting, the monkeys were gravitating more toward

the mother figure that was providing that contact comfort.

So Harlow realize that toothy contact comfort plays a significant

role in the development of affection, all responses significantly more

so than the source of nursing.

Now that we've reviewed Harlow study on love and attachment,

let's look at more modern findings and kind of figure

out this connections between them, we're gonna look at attachment

in adult life.

A more recent study, connected in 2016 by rules, studies

the effects of disorganized attachment style seen in adulthood, as

well as organized attachment styles of anxiety and aboard avoidance

in order to observe connections between early childhood trauma and

Externalizing behaviors and adult romantic relationships.

Essentially, the outcomes of the study were inputted into an

attachment model.

To assess adult this organization, the structure of the study

kind of just used 510 US citizens, and they were

asked to complete an online survey that was assessing their

childhood trump trauma experiences and as well as their current

experiences from romantic relationships in general adult life.

Um, the results of the study actually showed that childhood

trauma played a significant role in the development of organized

attachment styles and stronger romantic relationships in adulthood.

So as we can see here, the early experiences that

we form in infancy and the attachments to our caregivers

kind of are carried out throughout our entire life as

a scene in this image.

Here in the first image here, the baby is crying

and is experiencing distress and based off of the way

that their caregiver response to them.

They begin to form attachments.

And this attachment style is carried out throughout their life,

and adults use their romantic partners attachment figures to kind

of demonstrate behaviors that they have learned and that they

have attached themselves.

Thio. So I guess the earliest experiences of being attended

to when we're crying or just having that presence of

our caregiver there is going to really play active roles

in our adult relationships in general.

Adult life after Haarlem provided that research on contact, comfort

and the importance of having a present caregiver their toe

foreign positive attachment styles, a ZX well, Azaz the findings

by rolls of 2016.

It seems to be that the importance of development positive

attachment styles is almost essential to being able to develop

organized attachment styles and organized behavior in adult life.

Next, we're gonna look at another, more recent finding, kind

of alluding to both of these called The Patterns of

Love. So study by Varia, conducted in 2007, investigates the

relationship between memories of parental experiences in childhood as well

as current adult romantic relationships and This sample study was

actually conducted in a population of college students, and the

sample size was of 877.

And these students were assessed in attachment styles in romantic

relationships, using Brennan's 1998.

The experiences in close relationships inventory Next, the participants memories

of childhood experiences with their parents were assessed using Hassan

and Shavers 1987 adjective checklists.

The results showed that participants attachment styles seemed to have

a connection to their memories of their parental attachment styles.

This means that students were living out similar, if not

the same type of attachment styles that their parents were

carrying out throughout their entire lives.

So essentially things that we're learning in our childhood are

things that we were pursuing as adults.

According to Harlow of Aurea and Rolls, Three experiences that

we're developing as infants really are carried out into our

adult lives, so it's significantly important.

Thio. Make sure that we're maintaining those positive relationships with

their infants in our little ones.

To be able to allow them thio carry out were

positive relationships in their adult lives.

Now that we've explored love and attachment In the 19

fifties, the 2000 sevens and did not 2016.

We learned a little bit more about the foundational aspect

of love.

I really hope you all enjoyed my presentation.

And I cannot wait to watch all of your presentations.

I hope everyone has a great day.

Thank you.

History and Theory Influential Study Presentation

Audio TranscriptAuto-generated