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Hello everyone welcome to my video.

Yeah, my name is Simon Song and I'm a graduate

student studying the ocean at the Graduate school of Oceanography

in the University of World Island.

Us, as I spent my second semester studying here, I

became more and more fascinated by the ocean and focused

more on the amazing ecology of the tiny microorganisms that

live in it.

In this regard, this video is created to give you

a very simple explanation of the nutrients that affect vital

plant on living in the ocean and the example of

north atlantic various nutrients affect their growth.

But today in this video let's take a look at

the three most primarily important nutrients.

So why do we need to know about this topic

and what is so important?

Let's talk more about this when it comes to marine

life. Many people will think about fish or marine mammals

such as whales or all kinds of different animals joining

here. But I want to focus on final plan.

Turn in this video, what exactly is vital plant?

Um It's a combination of, vital for plants and plant

in for drifting organisms.

It is a very small microorganism that do the photosynthesis

like land plants and floats mainly in waters because it

has little or no swimming ability, vital clanton formed the

basis of life in the ocean through photosynthesis, vital plant,

um consume carbon dioxide on a scale equivalent to forest

and other land plants.

Some have produced energy passes directly along the food wrap

when zooplankton eat the vital clanton and in turn are

consumed by larger animals such as fish, whales, screed shellfish

and birds.

Because final plant on our so closure to ocean biology

and climate, any change in their productivity could have a

significant influence on biodiversity, fisheries, the human food supply and

the pace of global warming.

This kosher vital plantains growth depends on the availability of

carbon dioxide, sunlight and nutrients like land plants.

They require nutrients such as nitrate, phosphate, silicate and trace

metals at various levels, depending on the species.

This time, let's look at the north atlantic ocean, which

is the background of today's topic.

The north atlantic is the northern part of atlantic, which

is the second largest ocean after the pacific, and it's

ordering north America to the left and the europe to

the right.

In addition, strong currents such as the gulf stream and

the red barato current are also constantly flowing, making an

important habitat for various ecosystems.

And It is said to supply 1/3 of the words

annual seafood harvest, moreover, in addition to fisheries, there are

many resources such as manganese nodules on the bottom of

the atlantic ocean, and humans are using all of these

resources. We now know why the north atlantic and the

vital clanton that lives in it are so important.

So let's score a little further here and see what

factors influence the growth of fire plan.

Turn in ocean chemistry, nutrients that affect the growth of

vital plankton in the ocean include nitrogen and force for

us among them.

Let's look at nitrate and phosphate In the all of

different kinds of vital plant on the ratio of the

carbon, nitrogen phosphorus is 106 16-1.

And we call this the referee ratio.

This ratio is also the average distribution of nutrients in

most oceans among them.

Carbon accounts for the largest amount.

But because it is rich in carbon dioxide and carbon,

it's deserved in the ocean.

The carbon does not play an important role of limiting

vital plant and growth.

Rather, it is usually lacking in force for us and

nitrogen in the ocean.

And those two nutrients act as limiting factors for the

growth and reproduction of vital plant.

In first of all, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are the

component of the cell and good fertilizers for plan, like

microorganisms that do photosynthesis.

For the case of nitrogen, most organisms are unable to

fix atmospheric nitrogen into usable homes.

For example, nitrate, nitrate or ammonium.

Therefore, vital plant on has to rely on bacteria that

fix nitrogen from the air, which is why nitrogen acts

as a limiting nutrient.

Also force for us is mainly in the form of

a solid.

So unlike the cycle of nitrogen, it has a characteristic

that circulates without going through the atmosphere.

Most of them are introduced into the ocean through the

inflow of sediment or river runoff, vital plant in observed

this force for us and utilize them in cells and

ecosystems. At this point, I would like to mention each

vital plant in group requires and prefers specific nutrients.

On a closer look, the vital plant in community composition

is dependent on the combination of nutrients supplied as you

can see from this table.

But this is a little more complicated story.

I would like to deal with it next time when

you have to a chance at this time, I just

want you to know that all vital plant in spaces

need nitrogen and phosphorus by default.

Yeah. Now let's find out another factor that is really

important for the growth of vital plant in through a

case study.

Every spring waters in the north atlantic explode into green

and white patches as countless vital plant in bloom.

Scientists had assumed that the burst is filled by longer

days, more sunlight and warmer waters in the spring season.

Still, there is no universally accepted definition of the magnitude

of change or the threshold of abundance that constitutes a

bloom. What I want to empathize through this case is

that there is another important factor that influenced the growth

of vital plant own.

Besides NNP, it is an iron.

I am also is the limiting nutrient because it is

required to fix nitrogen, but it is only available in

small quantities coming from dust and weathering from the rocks

from the continent.

These two maps show fighter planting growth and nitrate concentrations.

In the spring of 2017, orange in the figure B

is the bloom and green in the figure eight is

the high nitrate concentration and as you can see, the

location of the two are not exactly overlapped.

In many studies, it has shown that phytoplankton bloom is

impacted by not only fix nitrogen and phosphorus, but also

iron throughout the North atlantic.

in late spring.

In this video, we briefly looked nitrogen phosphorus and iron

nutrients that affect vital point on growth and case study

in the North atlantic.

I hope you take only three points through this video.

First, final plant on are the basis of the entire

ocean system and North atlantic where humans have utilized the

resources from it.

Second, nitrogen and phosphorus are the limiting nutrients that have

impacted on vital planting community in the ocean.

Finally, from the case study of north atlantic spring bloom,

we can see the iron also is a limiting nutrient

for phytoplankton.

This video only focuses on the north atlantic, but actually

these three nutrients are applied the same to all oceans

in develop.

I hope this video would give you a little closer

look at our oceans, especially the case of North atlantic,

the tiny vital plant on that live in the ocean,

and in what kind of environment they can live in?

The view of marine chemistry.

Okay, thanks for watching this video, and I am so

Manson.

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