Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases
Acids / Bases Around us

 
Introduction
Objective
Basic concepts
Acid
: A solution that has an
excess of H+ ions
. It comes from the Latin word
acidus
that means sour.
Base
: A solution that has an
excess of OH- ions
. Another word for base is alkali.
Strong acid
Weak acid
Strong base
Weak base
Neutral
Acids and bases are all around
Acids and bases are everywhere
Every liquid will probably have either acidic or basic traits.
In fruit, there is something called citric acid.
Characteristics
of Acids and Bases
Highly corrosive

Reactive substances

It is important to understand the reaction/response of substances commonly found around us.
Common industrial
acids are:
Hydrochloric acid (
HCl
)

Sulfuric acid (
H2SO4
)

Nitric acid (
HNO3
)
Acids in the Lab
Common acids that can be
ingested are:
Some acids are found in nature, such as the citric acid in certain fruits. These acids are called '
organic acids
'.
Acids in our body:
One of the best examples is your stomach.
Human stomachs contain hydrochloric acid that is used to digest food.
Bases commonly found :
You also have acids in your body.
pH Scale

Acid or Base?
Activity - Experiment
Red cabbage as an indicator.
How Do Acids and Bases React with Each Other?
Acids and bases are the chemical 'opposites'.
The action of an acid and a base nullifies the effect of one on the other.



Let's watch the next video
about acids and bases:
Acids and bases are all around us
Conclusions
We reviewed the concepts of
acids
and
bases
and the way we interact with them in our daily life without even noticing.
They are in foods, cleaning products, medicines and have many uses and applications at home.
Activity
To recognize acids and bases around us.

To identify the
characteristics of both substances
and the main reaction between
them.
Cooking
Cleaning
Eating
Acid
Base
Acid
Base
Hydrofluoric acid
caustic soda
NaOH

caustic potash
KOH
milk of magnesia
Mg(OH)2
liquid ammonia
NH4OH
Søren Peter
Lauritz Sørensen
Power of Hydrogen
battery acid
oven cleaner
neutralization reaction
Base + Acid = > Salt + Water
Example:
NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) --> NaCl (aq)
(base) (acid) + H2O (l)

Sodium hydroxide + Hydrochloric acid = Sodium chloride and water

Answer True Or False. Give the correct answer when False.
1. Acids and bases don't react with each other.

2. Lemons contain citric acid.

3. Ammonia is an acid.

4. Base solutions have a pH above 7.

5. Neutral solutions have a pH of 0.

Thank you!
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