PREPARATION OF ACETANILIDE

PREPARATION OF ACETANILIDE
Sample Calculations
Recommendation

To improve the accuracy of the results and to obtain the best outputs such as:


-All used devices work properly.
- Read all steps and understand them before you start the experment .
-Leave the sample to dry completely.
Why ?

- Add some drops of distilled water over the filtration paper.
Why ?
- Remove the filtration paper carefuly .
Why ?
- Inform your instructor immediately about any damages.
- Always sticking to the safety rules .
important values
Conclusion
The aim of this experiment was achieved by producing pure acetanilide

Pure acetanilide has a white color

Crude acetanilide has beige color

The reaction type was an exothermic reaction

Melting point considered a good indication of the purity


Experiment procedure
In first week :
Step 1: Preparation of Acetanilide

Experiment procedure
In secound week :
Step 2: Purification of Acetenilide

% Recovery: 73.82

% Yield: 49.83

C6H7N+C4H6O3 C8H9NO+C2H4O2
( balanced)
Type of acetanilide
Crude acetanilide
Pure acetanilide
Weight
5.012 g
3.7 g
Melting Tempreture
115 C
108-111 C
Color
Beige
White
Student Name ID Number

Sarah Khameis Hefaity 201104162
Reem Ali Al Mehrezi 201102389
Aysha Mohammed Alahbabi 201003747
Amira Mubarak Al Braiki 201113672
Sara Helal Al Ketbi 201115824
Sample Calculations (cont..)
Theoretical yield.
- For Aniline (C6H7N)
Molecular weight =93 g/mol
Density = 1.022 g/ml
Amount of sample = 5 ml


Aniline is the limiting reaction
-For Acetic anhydride (C4H6O3)
Molecular weight =102 g/mol
Density = 1.0829 g/ml
Amount of sample = 13 ml




Recovery percentage .



Percentage Yield.
Group 1
Outline
Objectives
1- Prepare an amide (acetanilide) by the reaction of a primary aromatic amine (aniline) with an acid anhydride (acetic anhydride)

2- Separate and purify acetanilide from a mixture by recrystallization

3- Purity check of the acetanilide by measuring the melting point

4- Calculation of the percentage yield and recovery


Introduction
Amides:
Members of a group of chemical compounds containing nitrogen
derivative of a carboxylic acid with the hydroxyl group replaced by amine or ammonia

Acetanilide :
reaction of aniline with acetic anhydride
pure crystals: plate shaped and colorless to white

crystallization & recrystallization
solid-liquid separation and purification technique
mass transfer from liquid solution to pure solid crystalline phase

Properties of Acetanilide

Error Analysis

Percentage error between 5.5%- 2.8%
Results and Discussions
-
Releases in heat from the beaker.

- mass of the crude acetanilide (5.012 g) was less than the theoretical yield (7.425 g)

The mass of the pure acetanilide=(3.7 g) which was less than the crude acetanilide due to the rejection of the impurities.

%Error= (Theoretical-Experimental/Theoretical) ×100
Standard Pure Acetanilide Melting Point =114.3℃
Experimental Pure Acetanilide Melting Point = 108-111 ℃
 
%Error between 5.5%- 2.8%

The yield percentage = 49.83% indicated a divergence of 49.83% .
Why ?


1-Loss in the amount of the substance 2- Hot water
-The melting point for the crude acetanilide: (108-111%)
( High rang )




The melting point for the pure acetanilide :115 ℃

Any Questions ?
Thank you for your time .
aniline
acetic anhydrid
acetnilde
acetic acid