5 Functions of Noun (phrases)

THESE 5

NOW,

using our notes

and resources if

we need to,

FUNCTIONS

OF

NOUN

PHRASES

5 Functions of

Nouns

AND

Nouns Phrases

(and Pronouns)

in ALL

sentences

(in general)

LET'S

START

TRYING

TO

IDENTIFY

AND

that are

When NOUNS

MARIO is kicking it.

are DIRECT OBJECTS,

is DIRECTLY AFFECTING it.

because he is the noun that is DOING something.

Mario kicks the shell.

Direct Object

• NOUNS, and NOUN PHRASES

(and pronouns)

because

by the SUBJECT.

is the noun that Mario is DOING something TO!

DIRECTLY AFFECTED

and NOUN PHRASES

they are:

The DIRECT OBJECT

The DIRECT OBJECT is the shell

Mario is the subject

Mario (the subject)

Check out this sentence:

(or pronouns)

Pronoun Examples:

Subject

NOUNS that DO something

He is smart.

He

They

They are nice.

You are polite.

You

In the following examples,

DO 2 things:

and

• identify which noun is DOING something

• identify the nouns

(how many nouns are there?)

(which person, animal, place, thing, or idea

is the SUBJECT?)

(which words are nouns?)

(which groups of words are the subjects?)

(which groups of words are noun phrases?)

_________________________________________________________

Reginald eats burgers.

"Billy likes to drink soda."

Two

Billy

Billy and soda

Two

Reginald and burgers

Reginald

When NOUNS

The lady listens to music.

The boy reads books on the lawn.

The boy and books and lawn

The boy

The lady

Two

The lady and music

Three

Ms. Mom plays games with her daughter and son on Sundays.

Ms. Mom and games and daughter and son and Sundays

Ms. Mom

Five

PRONOUNS can REPLACE NOUNS,

so

(And remember!

try reading each sentence with "I," "we," "you," "he," she" "it" in place of each subject;

PRONOUNS can also be subjects!)

Who can share an example of a sentence in which the SUBJECT is a NOUN (or pronoun) that DOES something?

do 1 thing:

ARE

The songbird's voice is beautiful.

The songbird's voice.

Harry Potter is magical.

Our team is awesome.

Our team

Harry Potter

OR

SUBJECTS,

• identify which NOUNS (or noun phrases) ARE being described.

• NOUNS that DO something.

____________________________________________________________________

NOUNS that ARE being described

(Which person, animal, place, thing, or idea--OR group of words--

IS the subject of the sentence?)

• NOUNS that ARE being described.

ARE being described!

In the following examples,

NOUNS and NOUN phrases (and/or pronouns)

they ARE:

Now it's your turn to share some examples of

This COD zombies level is impossible.

That pop song is inappropriate.

This COD zombies level

That pop song

"Miss Lippy's car is green."

Miss Lippy's car

as subjects that

(DirectLY AFFECTED)

(NOUN)

A noun that is directly affected by a subject is a DIRECT OBJECT.

Okay, get it?

in specific

sentences!

think of a time when

NOW

YOU

were a

SUBJECT

that AFFECTED

a DIRECT OBJECT.

PLEASE SHARE YOUR SENTENCES

AND IDENTIFY THE NOUNS/NOUN PHRASES

(or pronouns)

that are the DIRECT OBJECTS your SUBJECTS AFFECTED DIRECTLY.

"His fans" are receiving it.

"His mom" is receiving it.

"JULES" is receiving it.

(Some examples of prepositions to avoid: TO, FOR, ABOUT.)

...DIRECT OBJECTS...

(NOUNS/NOUN PHRASES [or pronouns] that ARE DIRECTLY AFFECTED by what the SUBJECT DOES)

Try to come up with your own sentences in which...

...SUBJECTS...

(NOUNS/NOUN PHRASES [or pronouns] that RECEIVE/ARE AFFECTED BY the DIRECT OBJECT but DO NOT FOLLOW A PREPOSITION.)

(NOUNS/NOUN PHRASES [or pronouns] that DO something that DIRECTLY AFFECTS another NOUN/NOUN PHRASE [or pronoun])

...there are...

...AND INDIRECT OBJECTS!

because "Bob" "painted" them.

because "Joe" "made" it.

YES!

IT

because "He" "sent" it.

Indirect Object

When

I N D I R E C T O B J E C T S

Find the INDIRECT OBJECT by asking:

• Is there a direct object (something directly affected by the subject)?

NOUNS/NOUN PHRASES (and pronouns)

Get it?

• What is the direct object?

:

INDIRECT OBJECTS,

they

are

• Is another NOUN/NOUN PHRASE (or pronoun) receiving/getting affected by the direct object?

• RECEIVE

(or are affected by)

Sarah gave The Goblin King disappointment.

the DIRECT OBJECT

It's "Mother's Day card"

BUT

• Do NOT

It's "beautiful landscapes"

come AFTER

a PREPOSITION

It's "a love letter"

TRY

Is another NOUN/NOUN PHRASE (or pronoun) receiving it?

YES!

Bob painted his fans beautiful landscapes.

YES!

We know that

the SUBJECT

is the

NOUN/NOUN

PHRASE (or

pronoun)

that either

DOES

something

OR

IS BEING

DESCRIBED,

right?

Joe made his mom a Mother's Day card.

Is there a direct object?

He sent Jules a love letter.

Is there a direct object?

TRY THIS:

the NOUN PHRASE the SUBJECT is being

Basically, if the SUBJECT is being named or called a NOUN PHRASE,

Subject Complement

called is FUNCTIONING as the SUBJECT COMPLEMENT.

I

What am I?

a vegetarian

8th graders

My lizard was a vegetarian.

You will be 8th graders.

the world's best food

I

It is I!

It is the NOUN/NOUN PHRASE (or pronoun) that is right after the preposition of a sentence.

is

in these sentences?

AFTER

the PREPOSITION!

(these verbs are linking verbs IF you can replace them with an equals sign [=] and have a correct sounding sentence: appear, feel, grow, look, prove, remain, sound, taste, turn. These are for complements as adjectives, so don't worry about them.)

Can you identify the SUBJECT COMPLEMENT

The OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

French Fries have always been the world's best food.

in relation to the PREPOSITION?

Where is the OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

(or adjective--but we're not focusing on adjectives)

any NOUN PHRASE (with an ARTICLE [the, a, an]) or pronoun

a mountain biker

6th graders

I am a mountain biker.

a lifeguard

the SUBJECT.

(any forms of the verb BE are always linking verbs: am, is, are, was, were, has/have been, are being, might have been, etc.)

that comes after a

LINKING VERB

You were 6th graders.

Bobby is a lifeguard.

is

when the LINKING VERB

comes after

The SUBJECT COMPLEMENT

Try making sentences with these linking verbs and a noun phrase that is functioning as a SUBJECT COMPLEMENT:

When a NOUN/NOUN PHRASE (or pronoun) comes right

AFTER

IN

a PREPOSITION

a sentence,

it is the OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION.

HAVE BEEN

AM

WAS

In the following sentences, identify the OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION (the preposition is purple). The examples include pronouns.

WERE

ARE

Can you think of some examples?

Share some sentences.

Identify the objects of the prepositions in them.

READY?

I gave the high-five to my teammate.

She put the letter in the mailbox.

my teammate

the mailbox

IS

Object

of

the Preposition

HAS BEEN

MIGHT HAVE BEEN

The cat chased the mouse through the house.

The kid was among the crowd.

the crowd

the house

The projected image is against the whiteboard's surface.

The examples are below the directions.

the whiteboard's surface

the directions

Examples of PREPOSITIONS: about, above, across, after, against, along, among, at, before, belong, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, onto, over, since, through, to, toward, under, with... THIS IS NOT A COMPLETE LIST. Use your reference materials to identify parts of speech if you are ever unsure.

The homework is ON my desk.

The dog is IN the yard.

The preposition is BEFORE its object!

PREPOSITIONS show the relationships of objects to one another.

The dog is in the dog yard.

Where is the preposition in relation to its object?

My homework is on my desk.

The preposition is before its object.

Where is the dog in relation to the yard?

Where is my homework in relation to my desk?