CPR FA AED

Adult CPR
Agenda
First Aid
Child CPR
General CPR Info
AED Use
CPR / First Aid
American Heart Association

80% of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests Happen in People’s Homes

Immediate and Effective Bystander CPR Can Double a Patient’s Chances of Survival!

If Immediate Bystander CPR is not provided, a Cardiac Arrest Victim’s Chances of Survival Fall 7%-10% For Every Minute of Delay Until AED Use

Source: American Heart Association, 2008
CPR Saves Lives
Responder Safety
Your Safety is Priority #1
Do Not Enter Unsafe Situations
Personal Precautions

Age Groups for CPR
Infant =
Child -
Adult -

Responder Legalities
Good Samaritan Act
Calling for Advanced Care
Newborn to 12 Months Old

1 to 8 Years Old

Over 8 Years Old

How Could This Be Effective?
Circulation of Blood Has Now Been Shown To Be Most Significant Intervention
Cardiac Arrest Patients Have 3-7 Minutes of Oxygen Already in System

This Course Will Include Both Compressions and Rescue Breaths

Compressions Only CPR?
Compressions/Breathing (30:2) CPR is Recommended For Adults Whose Cardiac Arrest Was Caused From a Respiratory Problem and Always For Infants and Children

Compressions Only CPR vs 30:2

Compressions Only CPR is a Good Option For Adults in Cardiac Arrest When The Airway Was Not an Issue and/or There Are Concerns About Giving Rescue Breathing
General CPR Information
Adult CPR
Compressions / Breaths Ratio= 30 to 2
Compressions -> Airway -> Breathing (CAB)
No longer the ABC Approach


Special Considerations:

Compress at Least 2 Inches
2 Hand Compressions
Rate of Compressions: At least 100 per minute
Recognize the Emergency

Key Steps to Adult CPR
Assess Consciousness While Checking for "Normal" Breathing
Calling 911 and asking for an AED If Not Conscious and Not Breathing Normally

Provide 30 Chest Compressions (Fast and Deep)
Open Airway Using Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift Method
Provide 2 Rescue Breaths
Repeat Compressions and Rescue Breaths
Key Points to Adult CPR
Child CPR
Compressions / Breaths Ratio= 30 to 2
Compressions -> Airway -> Breathing (CAB)
No longer the ABC Approach


Special Considerations:

Compress 2 Inches
1 Hand Compressions
Rate of Compressions: At least 100 per minute
Key Points To Child CPR
Recognize the Emergency

Key Steps To Child CPR
Assess Consciousness While Checking for "Normal" Breathing
Call 911 and asking for an AED If Still Not Conscious and Not Breathing Normally

Provide 30 Chest Compressions (Fast and Deep) If Not Conscious and Not Breathing Normally
Open Airway Using Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift Method
Provide 2 Rescue Breaths
Repeat Compressions and Rescue Breaths for 2 Minutes
Compressions / Breaths Ratio: 30 to 2
Compressions -> Airway -> Breathing (CAB)
No longer the ABC Approach


Special Considerations:

Compress 1 1/2 Inches
2 Finger Compressions
Rate of Compressions: At least 100 per minute
Key Points To Infant CPR
Recognize the Emergency

Key Steps To Infant CPR
Assess Consciousness While Checking for "Normal" Breathing
Calling 911 and asking for an AED If Not Conscious and Not Breathing Normally

Provide 30 Chest Compressions (Fast and Deep) If Not Conscious and Not Breathing Normally
Open Airway Using Hands or Towel Under Shoulder Blades
Provide 2 Rescue Breaths
Repeat Compressions and Rescue Breaths
Infant CPR
Provide Compressions/Breaths for 2 Minutes Before Calling 911
Provide Compressions/Breaths for 2 Minutes Before Calling 911
Open Airway to Neutral Position
AED Use
AED=
Automated External Defibrillator
Keys To Using An AED
Turn on AED
Follow Given Instructions
Continue CPR Until "Analyzing Heart Rhythm"
80% Survival Rate When Used Within 3 Minutes of Cardiac Arrest
Choking (Adults and Children)
Heimlich

1-2 Inches Above Belly Button
Repeated Quick Inward/Upward Compressions
Lower To Ground If/When Patient Becomes Unconscious
Activate 911 System
Check For Foreign Object
Begin CPR Beginning With Compressions
Look For Foreign Object Prior To Breathing For Patient
Choking (Infants)
Back Blows Then Chest Thrusts - 5 & 5

If/When Infant Becomes Unconscious,
Perform CPR (30 Compressions and 2 Breaths)
Check For Foreign Object Between Compressions and Breaths
Call 911 After 2 Minutes of Treatment

Key Steps:
Choking

Special Considerations:
Pregnant / Larger Patients
Perform Heimlich Under Armpits to Compress Chest

Choking Without Bystander
Perform Heimlich on Self
Use Corner of Table or Chair Back to Perform Heimlich

Fractures

Keep patient and injury still
Splint fracture in position found
Cardboard, magazine, sticks, etc
Secure splint to injury using rags or other material above and below fracture
Apply ice but avoid direct contact with skin
Call for advanced care




Asthma

Normal Use of Inhalers (Albuterol, etc) Usually Corrects Discomfort
Calming Patient
Further Treatment Should Be Provided When Patient Explains That Inhaler Has Not Relieved Discomfort




Shock

Provide Support/Care That We Can Offer
Warmth
Elevate Legs
Control Bleeding



Fainting

Multiple Causes
Looks Worse Than It Actually Is
Help Resolve Cause


Seizures

Multiple Causes
Care Consists of Protection of Patient
Evaluate Patient Condition and Treat Accordingly
If Stable -> Recovery Position Until Help Arrives

Diabetic Emergencies

Normal Blood Glucose Levels= 70-110

2 Types:
Type 1: Insulin Injections are common; Low Sugar Levels
Type 2: High Sugar Levels

Signs-
Nausea, Weakness, Dizziness, Lower Level of Consciousness, Thirst

Care: When In Doubt- Give Sugar
Only Conscious Patients Get Food/Drink




Hot / Cold Emergencies
(Hyperthermia / Hypothermia)

For Cold Emergencies – Warm Slowly
For Heat Emergencies – Cool Slowly
Only Give Water to Conscious Patients




Burns

1st, 2nd, and 3rd Degree
Severity and Amount
Cool Water
Keep Clean / Cover
If Burns May Require Advanced Care
Do Not Use Burn Creams/Gels



Bleeding

Cover with Clean Bandage
Calm Patient = Lower Blood Pressure
Pressure -> Elevation -> Pressure Points



First Aid
Topics Will Include:
Choking
Fainting
Hot/Cold Emergencies
Fractures
Burns
Asthma
Shock
Bleeding
Diabetic Emergencies
Seizures
Allergic Reactions
Trauma
Your Requests


Allergic Reactions

Home Remedies
Benedryl, etc

Epi-Pins Are For Anaphylactic Shock Only
May Assist/Support Patient's Use
Trauma

Keep Patient and Injured Area Still Unless Movement is Necessary

Protect Neck/Back Movement After Sudden Impacts

Provide Needed Treatment and Call For Advanced Care as Necessary

Your Requests?

Conclusion
Head-Tilt Chin-Lift
Hands Only CPR
CPR=
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
Keys to First Aid
Signs of a Possible Heart Attack