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Black Rhino Red-Billed Oxpecker Mutualism/Parasitism

alan tran

Updated Dec. 4, 2013

Transcript

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Black Rhinoceros

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Perissodactyla

Family: Rhinocerotidae

Genus: Diceros

species: D. bicornis

Taxonomy

Red-Billed Oxpecker

Domain: Eukarya

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Aves

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Buphagidae

Genus: Buphagus

species: Buphagus erythrorhynchus

Black Rhinoceros

two horns

weigh up to 3000 pounds

dark yellow/brown to dark brown or dark grey

thick, wrinkled, tough hide

measure from 10 to 12.5 feet

odd-toed ungulate

near sighted

Physical Description

Red-Billed Oxpecker

olive-brown or grey-brown upper body
thick bill
red eyes with yellow circles of flesh around them
light grey-brown wings and tail
tan or pale yellow lower body
grey legs and feet
1.5 to 2.1 ounces
7.5 to 8.7 inches long

Red-Billed Oxpecker

Habitat

native to savannah of sub-Saharan Africa
open savannas, bushland, and forests
areas that contain large animals and livestock

Mutualism Vs Parasitism

Black Rhinoceros

Native to southern regions of Africa
bushy plains, dense brush, open forests, grassy plains
areas close to open water sources
can be found in mud or water wallows where they cool themselves

Which is it?

Black Rhino and Red-Billed Oxpecker

Mutualism or Parasitism?

Parasitism

Ecological relationship where one organism benefits and causes harm to the other organism

Mutualism

Ecological relationship where both organisms benefit

Alan Tran Jeff Cook George Karoglou Jessica Romero

Research, Research,

Research!!!

-Most studies are not in the animal's natural habitat

-Switzerland

- climate differences

- limited space

-change in food source

Relationship Between Red-Billed Oxpecker and Black Rhino

Mutual or Parasitic?

Stutterheim Study

Wounds
Cleaning
Rest

Wiley-Liss Study

Harm
Foraging
Displacing

Helpful or Hurtful?

Advantages

Parasite loads

Feeding success

Predation Risk

Disadvantages

Irritation

Infection

Non-symbiotic

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