T H E N A N J I N G M A S S A C R E 南
京
大
屠
殺 統
計 第
二
次
戰
爭 圍
攻
南
京 試
驗 絕 爭
議 影
響 侵
略 SECOND
SINO-JAPANESE
WAR STATISTICS CONTROVERSEY
TRIALS AGGRESSION EFFECTS SIEGE OF
NANJING 南
京
大
屠
殺 December 1937 to January1938
Japanese Imperial Army rounded up raped and/or killed all the native Chinese they could find
Estimates for total deaths around 300,000
20,000 to 80,000 women raped Military conflict between Republic of China and Empire of Japan
Merged into WWII and Pacific War
At least 20 million Chinese dead total
About 1.8 million Japanese dead total Invasion of the former capital of the Republic of China
The capital city of Nanjing fell on December 13th, 1937
The government fled to the city of Wuhan
"Scorched-earth" strategy meant all buildings including homes burnt down and as many civilians killed as possible The city of Nanjing was left burnt and destroyed
Xuzohu and Wuhan also collapsed
At the same time the Huang He flood covered 3 provinces
Last refugee camp closed in May of 1938
RAPE MASS MURDER DESTRUCTION WAR CRIMES Around 80,000 rape victims all of whom were killed afterwards
Explicit mutilation too graphic for class discussion Many atrocities were reported to have been committed as the Japanese army advanced from Shanghai to Nanking Death toll at around 300,000
Mass graves and body burning
Men, women and children were all victims of the massacre All buildings burnt down in and around the city on Nanjing
Scorched earth strategy meant compete destruction There are many who, still today, deny the occurrence of the massacre
In 1995, the Japanese prime minister Tomiichi Murayama gave the first clear and formal apology for Japanese actions during the war Shortly after the surrender of Japan, the primary officers in charge of the Japanese troops at Nanking were put on trial
Matsui and Hirota, generals in the Imperial Army, with five other convicted Class-A war criminals, were sentenced to death by hanging
Eighteen others received lesser sentences
The Japanese Army commited acts of extreme violence on the people of China
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