Sub-kingdom Thallophyta

Sub-kingdom Thallophyta Pauline Cruz A phylum of plants of very diverse habit and structure, including the BACTERIA, ALGAE, FUNGI and LICHENS.
CHARACTERISTICS:
Most primitive and simple plants.They do not posses a vascular system.
Plant body is not differentiated into stem,
roots and leaves.
The mode of nutrition is photosynthetic, parasitic or saprophytic.
They reproduce both sexually and asexually. Asexual reproduction usually reproduction takes place by spore formation. Fertilization is not followed by embryo formation. Sub-kingdom Thallophyta Bacteria Fungi Lichens Algae SUB-KINGDOM
THALLOPHYTA Most algae are aquatic both fresh and marine water some are terrestrial inhabiting in the moist places
They exhibit autotrophic mode of nutrition. Most algae contains green pigment while other contains red, brown, blue-green or purple pigment.
The mode of reproduction is usually asexual. but sexual reproduction also takes place in some of the forms. ALGAE Bacteria GREEN ALGAE Prokaryotic cells ( lack distinct nuclei and other membranous organelles)
Single celled; microscopic;
Cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan. Example: lactic acid bacteria (in yogurt) Most have a threadlike; multicellular body; non-photosynthetic; absorb nutrients; cell walls of chitin.
Abundant worldwide
They may become noticeable when fruiting, either as mushrooms or molds.
Essential role in the decomposition of organic matter and have fundamental roles in nutrient cycling and exchange. FUNGI LICHENS A lichen is an amalgamation of a fungus and one or more photosynthetic organisms (those that make food from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide).
Lichens receive sugar from their photosynthetic partner.