“ Monoclonal - Antibody For Cancer Cell Thearpy ”

Antibody
An antibody
is a protein used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects like bacteria and viruses. Each antibody recognizes a specific antigen unique to its target

Index
Ab-Ag reaction
Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system. In the body, they bind with high specificity to antigens, receptors on the surface of foreign invaders, such as viruses and bacteria. Fitting like a lock in a key, such binding enables immune cells to “see” and attack invaders. And because Nature has innumerable invaders, the human body has many antibodies–10 million to be exact.

Type of Abs
“ Monoclonal - Antibody For Cancer Cell Thearpy ”
Presented by
Eman Al-Qows
Asma Kilani
Supervisor
Dr. Hamad Aljmain

Dr. Walid Al-Momani

Antibody
Antibody-Antigen reaction
Type of Antibody
monoclonal antibody for cancer cell thearpy

side effect of monoclonal antibody treatment
Conclusion

Refences
production of monoclonal Ab

Type of Antibody
Monoclonal Antibody
Polyclonal antibodies


Chimeric mAbs

Murin source
mAbs

Humanized mAbs

Monoclonal Antibody:
homogeneous antibody preparations produced in the laboratory. Consist of a single type of antigen binding site, produced by a single B cell clone (later we’ll talk about how these are made).

Polyclonal antibodies:
antibody preparations from immunized animals. Consist of complex mixtures of different antibodies produced by many different B cell clones
Type of monoclonal antibody

Murin source mAbs:
rodent mAbs with excellent affinities and specificities, generated using conventional hydrioma technology. Clinical efficacy compromised by HAMA(human anti murine antibody) response, which lead to allergic or immune complex herpersensitivities
Chimeric mAbs:
chimers combine the human constant regions with the intact rodent variable regions. Affinity and specificity unchanged. Also cause human antichimeric antibody response (30% murine resource)
Humanized mAbs:
contained only the CDRs of the rodent variable region grafted onto human variable region framework . also cause human anti human antibody HAHA response (20% of causes)
Producing Monoclonal Antibodies
Inject a mouse with a specific antigen to stimulate its immune system to produce necessary antibodies.

Extract mouse spleen cells (containing B-lymphocytes) and culture them in the lab.

Extract myeloma cells, which grow continuously, and culture them in the lab.

Mix spleen cells and (myeloma) cells on the same plate and culture.

Add polyethylene glycol – this causes some B-lymphocytes to fuse with tumour cells to produce a hybrid cell called a hybridoma.

Grow the cells under conditions that allow only hybridoma cells to survive.Supplemental media containing Interleukin-6 (such as briclone) are essential for this step

Culture the cells making the desired antibody and use as needed.

Extract the hybridoma cells , culture them separately and test the medium around each cell for the specific antibody of interest.

Monoclonal Antibody as a Treatment of Cancer cell

Cancer cell

Cancer is a term used for diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control and are able to invade other tissues. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems.