5.1 Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table

Valence Electrons
- the electrons with the highest energy level and held most loosely.
The number of valence electrons determines how it will react.
How the Periodic Table is Organized
Look at the periodic table to determine the following:

Atom Project due Tuesday, November 19th
How fast do you think electrons move?
5.1 Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table
Valence Electrons and Bonding
Chemical Bonds and Stability
Chemical bond -
the force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them
Group 1 - 1 v.e.
Elements within a group have similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons.
1. How many valence electrons do the alkali metals have?
Watch the following video and write down 5 facts about valence electrons:
Homework
Electron dot diagram
- includes the chemical symbol and dots that represent valence electrons.
Chemical bond -
the force of attraction that holds two atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them.
Valence electron can be gained, lost, or shared when atomic bonds are formed. The location on the periodic table will determine how it will bond.

2. Do all of the metals have the same number of valence electrons? How do you know?
3. How many valence electrons do the metalloids have?
4. Use your knowledge of valence electrons to explain the reactivity of noble gases.
5. How are hydrogen and helium unique in terms of valence electrons?
Group 2 - 2 v.e.
Group 3-12 - 1, 2, or 3 v.e.
Group 13 - 3 v.e.
Group 14 - 4 v.e.
Group 15 - 5 v.e.
Group 16 - 6 v.e.
Group 17 - 7 v.e.
Group 18 - 8 v.e.