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These two main conferences could have possibly led to the cold war
The USA and the USSR had quite a few Ideological differences.
It was decided, at Yalta and Potsdam, that the big three (UK,USA,USSR) wanted peace in Germany and Europe. But, Both (East and West) wanted peace for different reasons. Churchill (Part of the west) wanted peace for Europe with Britain leading Europe. One step further, Roosevelt (The West) wanted democracy with USA at the head, but Stalin wanted the opposite. Stalin wanted peace, but only so he could have more power. If he had peace, it would be easier to control people and spread Communism.
The Berlin crisis was made up of two main factors - The Berlin Blockade and The Berlin Airlift.
The Berlin Blockade was that - on the 24th June, 1948 - Stalin cut off all transport routes in and out of West Berlin, which meant no supplies could enter Berlin. Stalin's reasoning was to try and starve the people of West Berlin until they were desperate for help, and once they asked for Communist help, they would be Communist for definite.
Germany had been split into 4 zones, occupied by USSR, USA, Britain and France.
The cause was the deutchmark: a new currency that the west introduced to their zones, to help Germany prosper. Stalin saw this as capitalism trying to spread through Germany, and therefore the consequence was the Berlin Blockade
On May 12, 1949 the blockade was called off and the airlift stopped.
Berlin (the capital of Germany) was under Stalin's control and split into East and West.
The Berlin airlift was the USA's response to the Berlin blockade. They flew much needed supplies into West Berlin such as food and coal. They landed in airfields, and it is estimated that one plane landed every 3 minutes. They flew over 2.5 million supplies into West Berlin and more than half of this was coal!
Greece and Turkey were named in the Truman Doctrine, and probably one of the main causes for Truman to make this speech. Greece and Turkey had been receiving armed help from Britain against Communism, but Britain had to retreat their forces due to financial problems, therefore leaving Greece and Turkey with no defense against Communism.
Stalin refused the help, on behalf of his Buffer States and Russia (who were also offered the Marshall Plan!) not giving them choice.
This was the bomb that Truman referred to at Potsdam.
In my opinion, I think the Berlin Blockade and Airlift contributed most. It was the first crisis of the Cold War and very nearly resulted in direct conflict between the East and West. It showed very clear ideological differences between the USSR and primarily the USA (although Britain and France were involved as well) and showed what each side was willing to do to have control/keep a place communist or capitalist)