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Bloom's Taxonomy

This theory was first developed by Benjamin Bloom in 1956. It was later revised by Bloom's protégé, Lorin Anderson, to have new levels of learning skills:

  • Remembering
  • Understanding
  • Applying
  • Analyzing
  • Evaluating
  • Creating

These were discussed at length in the book A Taxonomy for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment, which was published in 2001

The biggest change made to the revised model is the use of verbs, rather than nouns to discuss the key concepts about these learning skills.

Verbs for phrasing how students go through different learning processes, so it is easier to generate a workable model of those skills.

  • For instance, you could make a model if you said something akin to: "Student will be able to..."
  • Then use a learning skill, such as Analyzing,
  • While creating a set of objectives like: "Student will be able to analyze the data collected about annual volumes of precipitation in local cities and differentiate between climate types."
  • Others, like Rex Heer of Iowa University, created models to show how the levels of learning skills of Bloom's Taxonomy apply directly to real world situations.
  • Oliver Wendell Holmes and Art Costa's Three Story Intellect interprets the levels of learning skills in their own models.
  • Use Google to search State birds, identifying and isolating two examples for the assignment, such as the Mockingbird (Texas) and the Nene (Hawaii).
  • Perform an advanced Boolean search such as "Mockingbird sound clip OR Mockingbird video" to find a specific example, as well as information about this bird that can be summarized for the short response.
  • Sharing the video on the class twitter account or on the classroom homepage.
  • After linking to both videos, making notes comparing the two birds and their songs.
  • Comment on other students' posted assignments via twitter or on the classroom homepage, and collaborating with fellow classmates to combine these resources about the state birds to be sure every state had been covered, or perhaps combine the information about the birds with information about state flowers, animals, and trees if they researched the same state.
  • Make a vlog or podcast by themselves or with a classmate about the assignment and what they learned from it, including the information they gathered, complete with links and a written description.

  • This modeled assignment and ones like it assesses the skill levels of a student.
  • Demonstrates not only how they can utilize these skills, but also how competent and comfortable the student is with using technological tools.
  • By becoming aware of how Bloom's Taxonomy applies to assignments, a teacher can create rubrics for their students and test their abilities.

Armstrong, Patricia. "Bloom’s Taxonomy | Center for Teaching | Vanderbilt University." Center for Teaching | Vanderbilt University. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://cft.vanderbilt.edu/teaching-guides/pedagogical/blooms-taxonomy/>.

"Bloom's Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills." Crescent Public Schools - Crescent, Oklahoma - Home of the Tigers. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://crescentok.com/staff/jaskew/isr/education/bloom.htm>.

Churches, Andrew. "Bloom's Taxonomy." Educational Origami. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <edorigami.wikispaces.com/Bloom%27s+Digital+Taxonomy>.

Churches, Andrew. "Tech Learning : Bloom's Taxonomy Blooms Digitally." Classroom Technology News | Educational Apps | Bloom's Taxonomy | techlearning.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.techlearning.com/studies-in-ed-tech/0020/blooms-taxonomy-blooms-digitally/44988>.

Heer, Rex. "A Model of Learning Objectives." CELT. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://www.celt.iastate.edu/teaching/RevisedBlooms1.html#beforeflash%20>.

Overbaugh, Richard , and Lynn Schultz. "Bloom's Taxonomy." Old Dominion University. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Feb. 2013. <http://ww2.odu.edu/educ/roverbau/Bloom

By Kristen Morales

February 18, 2013

Works Referenced

Application of the Taxonomy Model

vs.

Analyzing

Remembering

Evaluating

Understanding

Creating

Applying

Example

Bloom's Taxonomy in Action, Continued

To demonstrate how these skills can be applied, take the following example:

A teacher gives a student an online assignment to find two sound or media clips of two different U.S. State Birds and write a short response about them. With these learning skills, the student could then...

Bloom's Taxonomy in Action

Andrew Churches taxonomy map shows how much more effective the use of verbs is rather than nouns for key terms.

As they are defined in the chart, these skills are integral in participating in a digital society and using technology effectively.

Models of Bloom's Taxonomy

"Before we can understand a concept we have to remember it

Before we can apply the concept we must understand it

Before we analyse it we must be able to apply it

Before we can evaluate its impact we must have analysed it

Before we can create we must have remembered, understood, applied, analysed, and evaluated."

Old Theory vs. New Theory

Old Theory

New Theory

Rex Heer's Model

Click the link for an interactive version!

http://www.celt.iastate.edu/teaching/RevisedBlooms1.html#beforeflash

Who created this Learning Theory?

Benjamin Bloom

What is Bloom's Taxonomy?

Bloom's taxonomy stems from his larger theory about Domains of Knowledge (Psychomotor, Affective, and Cognitive), which he developed at the University of Chicago.

Bloom's Taxonomy is a pedagogical theory (teaching theory) with several levels of learning skills:

  • Knowledge
  • Comprehension
  • Application
  • Analysis
  • Synthesis
  • Evaluation

They are further classified into two categories:

  • Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS)
  • Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
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