How hydrocarbons are present in our daily life?
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Physical properties
of hydrocarbons
- alkanes only consist of single bonds
- The first four alkanes are gases at room temperature
- They are virtually insoluble in water
- contain a carbon-carbon double bond
- Alkenes are lighter than water
- The boiling point of each alkene is very similar to its equivalent alkane
- If it has triple bond, it is an alkyne.
- Alkynes have a slightly higher boiling point
- The acidity of terminal alkynes compared to alkenes and alkanes are stronger.
- Only those with a benzene ring
- They are non polar
- Insoluble in water
- liquid at room temperature
- six carbon ring compound with three alternating double bonds
Main properties and applications of hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbons are non-polar.
- are less dense than water (density is less than 1.0 g/mL). So they float on top of water.
- reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.
- heating and motor fuel applications
- the use of propane in gas barbecues, lanterns, etc.
- organic solvents, cleaners, and transport fuels.
- jet fuel, diesel fuel and heating oil.
Nicolas-This topic was very interesting and helpful for me because now I know more about hydrocarbons. Most importantly because they are part of my life and are very important because without hydrocarbons, cars wouldn't exist.
Alex-I think this topic was important because I understand how hydrocarbons help us in our daily life. I understand that without hydrocarbons cars wouldn't exist because they need to have it and many other things too
Aldo-This topic was a good lesson for every student, mainly because we practically live with them, and it is important for everyone to know what everything we use in everyday life is made from.
Ramon-This work is very useful because it let us understand the importance of certain materials that surround us, also, this work allows us to work as a team
Jorge- It is important to know that the hydrocarbons are something that are present in everything we do, for example the plastics etc. Maybe we think that is boring or something like that , but with this topic we also can improve the usages of the hydrocarbon, better know as crude oil. The crude oil as we know, is a nonrenewable recourse, and that's why we need to know all of it, because in the future we're going to need to get a new source of energy.
Luis-this topic Is very important because we realize the importance of the hydrocarbons but we also get to know how they cause a harmful effect in the environment and how can we stop that.
CONCLUSION
The hydrocarbons are the most used organic compunds. They are used in products that we use in our daily life and that are really necessary. But their is another concern, they have a great impact in the enviroment. They are very imporatnt for us cause we used them at the daily life but we have to remember that they cause effects in the enviroment so we can´t over used them. It is important for us to find other ways of resources that are ecofriendly so we don´t have problems with the enviroment. We should concern about the use of resources cause they are not forever and someday they will run out
Organic compounds
Hydrocarbons
Alkaline
Alkynes
In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical name that also has other meanings), is a saturated hydrocarbon. Alkanes consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and all bonds are single bonds.
In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. The simplest acyclic alkynes with only one triple bond and no other functional groups form a homologous series with the general chemical formula CnH2n−2.
Aromatics
Aromatics, so called because of their distinctive perfumed smell, are substances derived from crude oil and, in small quantities, from coal. Aromatics are hydrocarbons, organic compounds that consist exclusively of the elements carbon and hydrogen – without which life would not be possible on Earth.
Which ones are the main refineries in Mexico?
Refineries
in
Mexico
How hydrocarbons are present in our daily life?
Jorge Isaac Perez Gonzalez 1804122
Luis Angel Martinez Gallegos 1809954
Alejandro Villareal Rodriguez
Ramón Eduardo Torres García 1811254
Aldo Damián Moya Cázares 1794020
Nicolás Tomás Tremillo 1803085
Ms. Victoria Jurado
Group: 216
"Petroleum and Hydrocarbons"
The six Pemex refineries produce liquid gas, gasoline, diesel, kerosene and other fuels. The state oil giant is expanding its refining capacity by building a second oil refinery, Refinería Bicentenario, in Tula (Hidalgo). Expected to cost around 10 billion dollars in total, it will have the capacity to process 300,000 barrels of crude a day and is expected to be operational sometime in 2016.
Importance of PetroChemistry
The process of refining crude oil leads to the production of a number of by products which are classified as petroleum products. These products are present in our daily trivial things to the most significant things available. The uses of these products are so significant that it is simply impossible to live life without it.
Properties
Applications
Petroleum Refining
PETROLEUM
Introduction
Fractional destillation process
Fractional Desillation Video
Petroleum Origin
During this presentation we are going to explain the following topics
Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions, separating chemical compounds by their boiling point by heating them to a temperature at which one or more fractions of the compound will vaporize. It uses distillation to fractionate.
Fractions and Usages
More than 4000 years ago, according to Herodotus and Diodorus Siculus, asphalt was used in the construction of the walls and towers of Babylon; there were oil pits near Ardericca (near Babylon), and a pitch spring on Zacynthus.
Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compunds
Carbon play an important role because many carbon atoms may bond together to give a vast array of molecular compunds
Petroleum Composition
Characteristics of the carbon atom
A carbon atom has four electrons in its outermost valence shell. So, it needs four more electrons to complete its octet.
Petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage it includes all liquid, gaseous, and solid hydrocarbons. Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, lighter hydrocarbons methane, ethane, propane and butane occur as gases, while pentane and heavier ones are in the form of liquids or solids.
The carbon electronic configuration is the following: [He] 2s2 2p2
The Lewis structure shows four groups around the carbon atom. This means four hybrid orbitals have formed. In order to form four hybrid orbitals, four atomic orbitals have been mixed.
Catenation is the linkage of atoms of the same element into longer chains. Catenation occurs most readily in carbon, which forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms to form longer chains and structures.
We use the organic chemistry in many ways!
Formulas in Organic Compunds
Molecular formula
The molecular formula is based on the actual makeup of the compound. Although the molecular formula can sometimes be the same as the empirical formula, molecular compounds tend to be more helpful.
C2H6O or C8H16O2
We use the organic chemistry in gasoline, medicines, shampoos, perfumes and plastic.
We use the organic chemistry every day eveywhere!
Even in the food we eat we can find carbohydrates, fats etc.
Structural and Condensed formula
A structural formula displays the atoms of the molecule in the order they are bonded.
Condensed structural formulas show the order of atoms like a structural formula but are written in a single line to save space and make it more convenient and faster to write out.
C5 H12= CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
C6 H14= CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3