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19th and 20th Century Medical History

Gerhard Domagk

Wilhelm Roentgen

1895-1964

Louis Pasteur

1845-1923

Wilhelm Roentgen was the first person to produce, or detect, electromagnetic radiations aka x-rays.

Pasteur created pasteurization where bacteria is eliminated from beverages by heating them.

Gerhard Domagk was a German pathologist and bacteriologist who first made commercially available medicine. He found that sulfonamide prontosil was effective against streptococcus. At first he didn't know if it would be as effective in man as it was in mice but his daughter got streptococcal infection and not knowing what else to do used it on her, saving her life and from an amputation.

Ivanovski

Alfred Sabin

Ignaz Semmelweiss

Ivanovski discovered the filterable nature of viruses and is one of the founders of Virology. He did many researches and investigations over alcoholic fermientation, soil microbiology and finally came across filterable viruses.

Dr.Sabin emigrated to the US with his parents in 1921, received his M.D. from New York University in 1931 and immediately began research on Polio Eventually after tons of experiments he developed an Oral Live Polio vaccine.

Robert Koch

Ignaz discovered washing your hands with chlorinated lime water before delivering babies prevented puerperal fever (childbed fever).

Koch was considered the founder of modern bacteriology. He also won a noble prize. Koch tested if a certain micro organism was the cause of a disease by taking it from infected animals then placing it in healthy animals. He also discovered how to stain bacteria to be seen under a microscope.

Paul Ehrlich

1854-1915

The Curies

Marie 1867-1934

Pierre 1859-1906

Paul Ehrlich invented the precursor technique to Gram staining bacteria, which made it possible to distinguish different types of blood cells which helped lead to being able to diagnose numerous blood diseases. His lab discovered arsphenamine, the first effective treatment for syphilis and also coined the name and concept of chemotherapy. He also developed a method for an antiserum to fight diphtheria and also for standardizing therapeutic serums.

Marie Curie and husband Pierre Curie were French scientists inspired by Becquerels discovery of radioactivity. They discovered the radioactive element in pitchblende, polonium and another that they named radium.

Questions

Ernest von Bergman

Alexander Fleming

Jonas Salk

Joseph Lister

1.) Who is the discoverer of filterable viruses?

2.) Who invented penicillin?

3.) Who developed the first polio vaccine?

4.) Who won a Nobel Prize?

5.) What the other name for puerperal fever?

Ernest was a very skilled surgeon and had a commanding personality. This led him to be a medical officer in the Prussian Army, then the consulting surgeon during a war.

He was an american researcher and Virologist. He discovered and developed the first succsessful Polio vaccine. He was the head of the Virus Research lab and the university of Pittsburgh and established the Salk institute in 1963 & died in 1995.

Lister is known as the "Father of Antiseptic Surgery". He believed microbes in the air caused germs to be able to enter opened skin. He took many tests and finally made a machine that pumped carbolic acid into the air. The survival rate of surgeries after this invention increased tremendously.

He was a Scottish Biologist, Pharmacologist and Botanist. Fleming discovered Penicillin, and was also a physician during World War 1. He was awarded the nobel prize in 1945 and died March 11th, 1955.

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