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The Fenians continued under the name The Irish Republican Brotherhood and they would have influence into the 20th century in Easter 1916.
The Fenians were founded in 1858 by James Stephens and John Devoy.
The word Fenian comes from the Irish language and Gaelic mythology. It derives from the Fíanna - the legendary warriors of Fionn MacCumhaill.
The sought to gain help from Irish immigrants in America. Many had fled from Ireland after the Famine and brought with them a hatred of England.
Their aim was to get rid of English influence from Ireland and establish a republic.
The Fenians gathered money and support in America and planned their rebellion.
The Fenians had 250,000 members but not all took part.
With such big numbers some secrets leaked out.
The Fenian Rising 1867 lasted three weeks but was easily put down by the British forces in Ireland.
In the end the Fenians failed in military terms but all was not lost.
There were some Fenian attacks in Britain also. In Manchester and London.
Finally, after all their preparations they set a date for the rebellion to end British rule in Ireland. It was to be in March 1867.
The Fenians also set up an alliance with Charles Stewart Parnell and the Land League.
They got help from the Irish who had fought in the American Civil War.
Republicans rise again!