GLYCOLYSIS

STEP 1

HEXOKINASE TOOK A PHOSPHATE GROUP OFF OF THE ATP MOLECULE TO MAKE IT INTO ADP. IT THEN PLACES THE PHOSPHATE GROUP ON THE 6TH CARBON TO MAKE

GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE.

STEP 4

STEP 4 SIDE NOTE:

THE MOLECULE HAS TO BE IN IN GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSPHATE TO CONTINUE THOUGH GLYCOLYSIS.

STEP 1 SIDE NOTE:

IT IS NAMED GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE BECAUSE THE PHOSPHATE GROUP WAS PLACED ON THE 6TH CARBON

ADOLASE SPLITS THE MOLECULE INTO 2 SEPERATE PIRUVATE MOLECULES ONE CALLED DIHYDROXYACETONE AND THE OTHER GLYCERALDEHYDE-3- PHOSPHATE.

STEP 5

ISOMERASE CHANGES THE DYHYDROXYACETONE INTO GLYCERALDEHYDE-3-PHOSEPHATE SO IT CAN CONTINUE THROUGH GLYCOLOSIS

STEP 6

THE ENZYME TRIOSE PHOSPHATE DEHYDRAGENASE REACTS WITH THE MOLECULE AND TAKES 2 MOLECULES OF HYDROGEN FROM EACH ONE. 2NAD+ IS ADDED TO THE EQUATION. THE TWO HYDROGEN MOLECULE THAT WE TOOK OFF CONNECT TO THE NAD+ TO MAKE NADH. THERE ARE 2 EXTRA "FLOATING" MOLECULES OF HYDROGEN. TWO PHOSPHATE GROUPS ARE ALSO ADDED TO THE FIRST IN THIRD CARBON TO MAKE 1,3- BISPHOSPHOGLYCERATE

STEP 6 SIDE NOTE:

KEEP IN MIND THAT WE ARE DEALING WITH 2 MOLECULES IN EACH STEP SO WE TOOK 4 MOLUCULES OF HYDROGEN (2 FROM EACH MOLECULE) AND USED ONLY TWO OF THEM THE OTHER ARE FLOATING IN THE CYTOPLASM AND WILL BE USED FOR OTHER PURPOSES

STEP 2

PHOSPHOGLUCOSISOMERASE CHANGES THE MOLECULE TO FRUCTOSE-6- PHOSPHATE

STEP 3

STEP 3 SIDE NOTE:

ANOTHER ATP JOINS AND PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE TAKES A PHOSPHATE GROUP FROM IT TO MAKE ADP, THEN ADDED THE PHOSPHATE GROUP TO THE FIRST CARBON OF THE FRUCTOSE MOLECULE TO MAKE FRUCTOSE-1,6- BISPHOSPHATE

IT IS CALLED BISPHOSPHATE BECASE THERE ARE TWO PHOSPHATE GROUPS ON TWO DIFFERENT CARBONS. IN THIS CASE IT IS ON THE FIRST AND 6TH CARBON

STEP 7

THE ENZYME PHOSPHOGLYCERKINASE TOOK THE PHOSPHATE GROUP THAT WAS ON THE FIRST CARBON AND ADDED IT TO 2ADP TO MAKE 2 ATP. SINSE WE TOOK THE PHOSPHATE OFF THE FIRST CARBON AND WE STILL HAVE ONE ON THE 3RD CARBON THE MOLECULE IS NOW CALLED 3-PHOSPHATE

STEP 8

PHOSPHOGLYCEROMUTASE TAKES THE PHOSPHATE GROUP FROM THE 3RD CARBON AND MOVES IT TO THE 2ND CARBON TO MAKE 2- PHOSPHOGLYCERATE

STEP 9

ENZYME ENOLACE COMES AND TAKES OFF 2 MOLECULES OF WATER OFF EACH MOLECULE (TOTAL OF 4 MOLECULES OF WATER) TO MAKE

PHOSPHENOLPYRUVATE

STEP 9 SIDE NOTE

THE PHOSPHATE GROUP IS STILL ON THE 2ND CARBON EVEN THOUGH THE NAME DOES NOT STATE THAT

STEP 10

PYRUVATE KINASE COMES AND TAKES THE PHOSPHATE GROUP OFF THE 2ND CARBON AND ADDS TO TO AN ADP MOLECULE TO MAKE ATP AND ALL THAT IS LEFT NOW IS PIRUVATE!

SOURCES

I DID NOT USE THE INTERNET BECAUSE ALL THE INFORMATION WAS AVAILABLE TO ME IN MY BRAIN, MY NOTES, AND THE BOOK

GLYCOLYSIS

DESTINY BARNETT