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PUNCTUATION
Apostrophes (‘)
Apostrophe Rules for Possessives
Apostrophes in English serve two basic functions; they show possession, and they indicate that letters have been removed from the original words in the process of forming a contraction.
A lot of people get confused about when they need to use an apostrophe and when they don’t. Here are a few apostrophe rules to help you decide.
-Use an apostrophe + S (‘s) to show that one person/thing owns or is a member of something.
Amy’s ballet class, Lisa’s car, Robert’s car, Ross’s room.
PUNCTUATION
Pay close attention to where they are and what they’re doing as you read.
Use an apostrophe after the “s” at the end of a plural noun to show possession.
Robert and Lisa Jones have two beautiful children. Amy is nine and Ross is seven. The Joneses’ house has two floors. The children’s rooms are upstairs, and the parents’ bedroom is downstairs. Lisa’s room is always clean while Ross’s room is always messy. The Joneses’ lives are very busy this week. Ross’s sports teams all have games, Amy’s ballet class has a recital, and Robert’s car is in the shop, so the Joneses are trying to get everything done with only Lisa’s car. So far today, they’ve been to school, practice, rehearsal, the grocery store and the veterinarian’s office, and they aren’t finished yet. They’ll be busy until late tonight, and tomorrow, they’ll do it all again.
Punctuation is "the use of spacing, conventional signs, and certain typographical devices as aids to the understanding and correct reading, both silently and aloud, of handwritten and printed texts."
"The practice, action, or system of inserting points or other small marks into texts, in order to aid interpretation; division of text into sentences, clauses, etc."
Punctuation is used to create sense, clarity and
stress in sentences.
The parents’ bedroom, the Joneses’ lives
It is not necessary to add another “s” to the end of a plural noun.
If a plural noun doesn’t end in “s,” add an “‘s” to create the possessive form.
Apostrophe Rule for Contractions
The children’s rooms
*Remember, a possessive noun needs an apostrophe and an “s” at the end. If there’s already an “s” there, you can just add the apostrophe. If there’s no “s,” you have to add both - first the apostrophe, and then the “s.”
When you combine two words to make a contraction, you will always take out some letters. In their place, use an apostrophe.
they + have = they’ve;
are + not = aren’t;
they + will = they’ll