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After Victor Frankenstein's younger brother, William, was murdered, Justine Moritz is accused and executed by hanging, despite being innocent.
Penalties were meant to punish the criminal, and also act as a deterrent to others. Some popular penalties in the 1800s include flogging, hanging, and beheading.
Crimes such as street robbery, murder, petty thievery, prostitution, rape, being drunk and disorderly, and poaching took place in the 1800s.
In the early 1800s more than 200 types of crimes would lead to execution, ranging from murder to shoplifting. When people were hung they would use the "short drop" method.
In the late 1800s, more than 90 prisons have been built. One of the prisons' systems was the "silent" system. This was where convicts would do hard, boring work in total silence. In 1874, the "long drop" method was introduced, which would snap the the criminal's neck, instead of strangling them.
During the Mid 1800s, only murder and treason led to the death penalty. In 1868, executions no longer took place in public, they would instead, take place in the prisons.