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Hamlet
The presence of Gertrude evokes a sense of guilt and discomfort which is a result of his Oedipal desire.
Even his own allusion to Nero is based on a parallel situation, just different events.
"O heart, lose not thy nature, let not ever
The soul of Nero enter this firm bosom,
Let me be cruel not unnatural.
I will speak daggers to her, but use none”
(III.ii.426-429).
"And so he goes to heaven,
And so am I (revenged.) That would be scanned:
A villain kills my father, and for that,
I, his sole son, do this same villain send
To heaven.
Why, this is (hire) and (salary), not revenge"
(III.iii.79-84).
- a method of mind investigation, especially of the unconscious mind
- could be also called as method of modern psychotherapy that can be very useful for people who are struggling with longstanding difficulties
- needed as a deeper treatment for psychological troubles that have been around in one's life for a long time
Knowing the truth about his father's murderer, Hamlet's subconscious realizes that killing his uncle will be like killing himself.
Claudius serves as a flesh-and-blood expression of his own repressed childhood fantasies, and to kill him would be to murder a part of his own inner self that is already associated with self-loathing.
- result of a struggle between ego and superego
- Guilt is one of the main reasons why Hamlet cannot kill Claudius. Freud stated in his work
- Prince of Denmark whose father, King Hamlet, is killed by his uncle Claudius
- Claudius marries his mother, Queen Gertrude
- Ghost (late King Hamlet) appears and tells him to take vengeance for his death
- plans to kill King Claudius if he is proven guilty
- procrastinates in killing Claudius
Interpretation of Dreams,
He feels guilty of his father's ghost when he learned about the truth of his death because he is confronted with the image of his own repressed desire to kill his own father so he could take his father's place with his mother.
"The loathing which should have driven him to revenge is thus replaced by self-reproach, by conscientious scruples, which tell him that he himself is no better than the murderer whom he is required to punish" (Freud 86).
- id, the "unconscious"
- ego, the "conscious"
- superego, the "morality"
- his original plan is to kill King Claudius, but gets diverted by his attempts to steer his mother back on the right track
- he is very bothered by Gertrude's "incestuous" relationship with Claudius
- Hamlet tries to make his mother see the mistake she has made in marrying her husband's brother
"explains the emotions and ideas that the mind keeps in the unconscious, via dynamic repression, that concentrates upon a child's desire to have sexual relations with the parent of the opposite sex" (Freud 319).
"Not this, by no means, that I bid you do:
Let the bloat king tempt you again to bed,
Pinch wanton on your cheek, call you his mouse,
And let him, for a pair of reechy kisses
Or paddling in your neck with his damned fingers,"
(III.iv.203-207).
The incestuous marriage of Gertrude and Claudius mirrors Hamlet's imaginary idea of having a sexual relationship with his mother. The unconscious desires are struggling to find conscious expression.