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Washington Ordered his men to start building a fort after the successful ambush against a french party.
Construction of the Fort started at the beginning of June, and was completed in a matter of days
The construction of the fort showed Washington's inexperience as a military leader
The fort was located in the middle of the meadow, which was good. Question #1:why is it good to have your fortifications in the middle of an open area?
What was not good was the fact that the fort was in a depression, lower than the surrounding forest.
Question #2: Why would it be bad to have your fort on lower ground than the surrounding area?
The battle began out in the open, Washington's pickets opening fire on the French as the rest of his troops made their way into the fort.
After the French surrounded the fort and began firing into it, Washington decided to march out and fight the French in the open.
The French charged the British, which caused Washington's Virginia militiamen to flee back into the fort.
The British regulars, however, fell back into the fort in good order, after inflicting casualties against the French with a volley of fire from their muskets and their swivel guns.
Question #3: why would the Virginia militiamen run, but the British regulars stay in line?
Question #4 What is a swivel gun?
After the British retreated back into Fort Necessity, the French troops kept up heavy fire on the fort.
The British troops had difficulty returning fire, and most of their shots went high.
To add to their problems, it began to rain heavily as the day progressed, causing their powder to get wet.
Question #5 why was it bad that their black powder was wet? how did this affect them?
Finally, around 8pm the French sent a representative to discuss terms of surrender. However it was not until 12am that the terms were finalized.
On July 4, Washington and his troops abandoned Fort Necessity.
Washington and his troops arrived back in eastern Virginia in mid-July.
The Battle at Fort Necessity was the first battle of the French and Indian War, and eventually led to the start of the 7 years war, one of the first global conflicts.
It also is an important battle because it marks the first an last time that George Washington ever surrendered in battle.
In 1771, George Washington purchased the meadow where he had fought the first battle of his military career. He owned the land until his death in 1799. The land is now part of Fort Necessity National Battlefield.
On June 9th, the rest of the Virginia regiment arrived, bringing Washington's total troop count to around 300 men.
After the completion of Fort Necessity, Washington went to work widening a road.
A large force of French troops and their Indian allies left Fort Duquesne on June 28th with the mission to defeat the British
The French and Indian forces were led by Captain Louis Coulon de Villiers, the brother of the slain french officer from the first skirmish between the French and British.
The French arrived on July 3rd.