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The Physics of Football

Newton's Third Law in Football

Newton's Second Law in Football

Balanced and unbalanced force

Newton's third law states that for every action there is an equal or opposite reaction. An example of this in football would be on offensive linemen in his three point stance. When the ball is snapped then the offensive linemen fires forwards with his legs to block the defensive line. The action is pushing of the ground with his legs, and the reaction is that he moves forward. Another example is throwing the football. When you throw the football your action is passing the football, and your reaction is the ball will fly to the receiver in a spiral.

In football there are many balanced and unbalanced forces. An example of a balanced force would be the pre-snap phase, where nobody is moving unless there is an audible called. Unbalanced forces are everywhere in football from the players running, to tackling , and maybe someone tripping.

Newton's second law states that Force equals mass times acceleration, and that you have to apply more force to an object with more mass. An example of this is a field goal. The kicker has to apply more force while kicking from the 40 yd line , but the kicker would not have to apply as much force while kicking a PAT. Another example would be if a defensive tackle such as JJ Watt was going to sack a QB. I would take him less force to tackle the Seattle Sea hawks Quarterback Russell Wilson who is 5'11" and 204 pounds, than it would take him to sack Carolina Panthers Quarterback Cam Newton Who is 6'5" and 245 pounds.

Friction in Football

Bibliography

There is Friction everywhere in football.

The players need friction to be able to run, to block, and to throw the football. Without friction everybody and everything would just go into chaos.

Bells, M. (n.d). History of Football.

Science of NFL football. (n.d).

NFL rules. (n.d).

Newton's laws (n.d).

58 fun facts about football. (n.d.).

Newton's First Law in Football

There are many examples of newtons first law in football. For example when the football is thrown down the field to a receiver, the ball has inertia. The ball will continue moving in a straight path until it is acted on by an outside force, which in this case would be gravity. Gravity forces the ball to fall back to earth so the receiver can catch it. Another example is a player running down the field and being tackled. that player will stay in motion until he is tackled.

History of Football

Football was derived from the European sport of rugby, and its official rules were instituted by Walter Camp who was a football coach and player at Yale university. Some of these new rules include the forward pass, 11 players on a team, and the Center and Quarterback positions.

How is Football played?

Football is played on a 120 yd field. 100 yards of the field are used for moving the ball up or down field, and the other 20 yards are the end zones which are 10 yards each. A team can have a max of 11 players on the field at a time, so there is a total of 22 players on the field. The team that has possession of the ball is called the offense. The Offense's goal is to move the ball up the field by throwing or running the football to eventually score a touchdown which is worth six points. Then the team that just scored can go for and extra point (PAT) where the team will kick the ball through the goal posts, or the team can go for a two-point conversion which is executed like a normal football play but only 3 yards away from the end zone. The team that does not have possession of the ball is called the defense. The defense's job is to stop the offense from scoring by tackling the players that have the ball, or by causing turnovers such as interceptions and recovered fumbles.

Fun Facts

  • It takes about 600 cows to make one season's worth of NFL Footballs
  • The G on the Green Bay Packers' helmets actually stands for greatness and not Green Bay
  • The Baltimore Ravens are named after Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Raven.” The team mascots are named Edgar, Allan, and Poe. Poe wrote his famous poem while living in Baltimore in the 1830s

Image by Tom Mooring

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