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Control over territory is important to countries because of defence and national pride. If the territory that is invaded is claimed by two countries or more, it can result in conflict among these countries.
2. Tensions between India and China worsened when fighting broke out in the NEFA and in the Aksai Chin plateau. By mid-1961, China had occupied even more of the territories. The Indian government demanded the return of these territories but China refused.
1. One example of conflict over territory is the border conflict between India and China. India inherited land from by the British when it gained its independence. China, however, protested that the border land belonged to China.
In 1962, a brief war broke out between China and India. Although the territorial conflict has not been resolved, India and China signed an agreement in 2005 to address the border issue in a fair and reasonable manner
It was difficult to have a clear border between India and China because their frontier was at the Himalayan mountain range. The two main areas of conflict were the Aksai Chin plateau and the North East Frontier Agency (NEFA).
Conflicts among countries can happen because of competition over scarce resources.
Conflict over territory therefore occurs because land is part of a county’s national interest. When territory is threatened, countries can resort to the use of force.
1. For example, in the 1970s, Iceland and Britain were in conflict over fishing grounds. Iceland has few natural resources and depended on the fishing industry for its survival. Fishermen from Britain and other European countries were over-fishing around Iceland. As a result, fish stocks around Iceland decreased. Iceland was affected by this as they were dependent on fishing for their livelihood.
Checkpoint:
Countries pursuing different political or ideological beliefs can therefore come into conflict if these beliefs are threatened.
1. Which were the two main areas t that India and China were contesting for?
2. The conflict between North and South Korea took place when North Korea suddenly invaded the South with the aim of reunifying the two sides under communism.
2. In what year did a brief war break out between India and China?
3. Iceland extended its _________________ from ___________ to_______________.
Fearing that North Korea would spread the communist ideology to South Korea, the USA and the UN fought a war against the North Korea. In 1953, an agreement to stop the fighting was signed by all parties and a demilitarised zone between North Korea and South Korea was created.
4. When Britain refused to acknowledge the new boundary, Iceland__________________.
Checkpoint:
1. After WW2, North Korea was occupied by______________, and South Korea was occupied by ________________.
2. North Korea believed in ______________
while South Korea believed in____________.
3. The communist regime in North Korea is called _____________________________.
4. What are two things that happend in 1953 as a result of this conflict?