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http://www.ww1propaganda.com/world-war-1-posters/rationing-ww1?page=28
It is a fixed portion, especially an amount of food allotted to persons in military service or to civilians in times of scarcity
During the first world war, which began in 1914, the federal government created the Canada Food Board to increase food production and encourage canadians to eat less flour, sugar, butter, eggs, pork and beef. Large amounts of these foods were shipped to Europe to feed Allied troops, home front troops and civilian populations of Britain and France. No more than two pounds of sugar could be used per 90 meals served.
Each canadian was entitled to the following rations. Tea or coffee, 1.5 ounces of tea or 5.5 ounces of coffee per week. Sugar, half a pound per week as well as special seasonal allowances for housewives. Butter, half a pound per week. meat, up to 2.5 pounds per week depending on the type of meat. Canned salmon, 1 meat coupon per week worth 1/4 pound. Jam, jelly, syrup, canned fruit, etc. Comerical wehicles, ration tailored to meet comapny needs.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/0/ww1/26247563
https://www.pinterest.com/megroelant/war-rations/
http://www.ww1propaganda.com/world-war-1-posters/rationing-ww1?page=25
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/0/ww1/25235371
http://www.quotationof.com/rationing.html
The black market was a response to rationing that was introduced during the war. While illegal, the black market became a driving force in the Home Front especially in the cities for those who could afford the prices. The activities of German U-boats in the Atlantic greatly restricted the amount of food that came into the country. Therefore the government had to introduce rationing so that everyone got a fair share, primarily of food. However, this led to a gap in the market, which was filled by those involved in black market activities. While cigarettes and alcohol were never rationed they were in short supply. Both these commodities were invariably acquired via the black market. The Ministry of Food investigated complaints against those suspected of being involved in the black market and the penalties for those caught could be severed a fine and a possible two years in prison.
Rationing dominated the lives of those who lived through the Home Front. Early in the war, Canadians were asked to contribute voluntarily to Canada's food export commitments by avoiding foods that were needed in Britain and by consuming more Canadian foods whose European export markets had disappeared and were, therefore, threatening farmers and fishermen with massive unused surpluses. A massive Red Cross program packing life saving food packages for Allied prisoners of war along with various individual campaigns directed at food relief for Russia, Greece, France and other Allied nations. price and rent controls helped to ensure that Canadians could continue to afford necessities like food, fuel and shelter, while rationing promised all Canadians a fair share of scarce necessities. The penalties for breaking the rules ranged from small fines to imprisonment but both controls maintained strong popular support throughout the war.