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The Social Gospel Movement was a Protestant movement. The movement began in a response to rapid immigration, urbanization, and industrialization. The main goal was to improve the social welfare. This movement lasted from around 1870 to 1920. The reformers of this movement believed that the lack of human morality caused many social problems. This movement influenced people to behave more humanely and urged them to be more kind. It also taught that the Christian approach to problems could help solve it.
Since World War I there has been a great decline in the movement. There was a great growth in extremists during the movement. Fundamentalism became a mainstream practice. Also in a completely other direction, Neo-orthodoxy became big also. These two beliefs had contradicted each other completely and possibly had cotributed to the fall of the reform. Now there is a modern movement similar to the Social Gospel Movement, with "leaders" like Billy Graham.
Awful working conditions such as long hours and harsh conditions had caused much stress on laborers. Often times, they would experience fatigue, malnourishment, and depression. These pressures in workers lives had led them to seek help in one way or another. With so many people reaching out, the movement had taken their chance to bring them to God. Being a part of the church had made laborers feel like they could have hope to keep going and someone to carry their stress for them.
By the 1820's alcohol consumption had reached an alarming amount. The average american was drinking seven gallons of pure alcohol. Ministers, physicians, and other citizens were outraged by this. By the time the movement had began, ministers were able to reach out their voice. They had argued "that drinking alcohol had damaged peoples health and moral behavior and promoted poverty." As an attempt to control the use of alcohol, reformers began to teach temperance.
These organizations had helped the movement to spread and become popular. Without their support, the movement may not have been as successful.
During this era, industrialization had caused a growth on all parts of the economy. This growth also gave rise to the new middle class, made a few very wealthy, and trapped masses of immigrants and unskilled laborers in lives of poverty. Immigrants had fled from economic issues and religious persecution just to be left without jobs and to face the pressure to convert to Christianity.
By: Destanie Nester
In my opinion, this video represents the thinking of those in the movement. I also believe that it is a good representation of the difference between Fundamentalism and Neo-orthodoxy.