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A planned economy is the economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, usually by a public body such as a government agency. Planned economy is also known as command economy.
Here are the reasons why planned economy fail:
1. . Inefficient allocation of resources.
2. lack of aggressive incentives.
3.stifle individual freedom.
4., bid rent, unfair, corrupt.
These reasons above will easily lead to both poor phenomenon (in essence, rather than lack of luxury goods capitalist wealth divide),
The government can harness land, labor, and capital to serve the economic objectives of the state. Consumer demand can be restrained in favor of greater capital investment for economic development in a desired pattern. In international comparisons, state-socialist nations compared favorably with capitalist nations in health indicators such as infant mortality and life expectancy.The state can begin building a heavy industry at once in an underdeveloped economy without waiting years for capital to accumulate through the expansion of light industry, and without reliance on external financing.
Fully planned economies of the Soviet-type continue to exist in Cuba, North Korea and Laos.
What are the major economic systems today?
Market economic system and the mixed economy system
There are Closed economy; the dual economy, gift economy; the informal economy; the market economy; mixed economy; open economy; participation in the economy; the planned economy and the underground economy.
Critics of planned economies argue that planners cannot detect consumer preferences, shortages, and surpluses with sufficient accuracy and therefore cannot efficiently co-ordinate production.These opponents of central planning argue that the only way to satisfy individuals who have a constantly changing hierarchy of needs, and are the only ones to possess their particular individual's circumstances, is by allowing those with the most knowledge of their needs to have it in their power to use their resources in a competing marketplace to meet the needs of the most amount of consumers, most efficiently. This phenomenon is recognized as spontaneous order. Additionally, misallocation of resources would naturally ensue by redirecting capital away from individuals with direct knowledge and circumventing it into markets where a coercive monopoly influences behavior, ignoring market signals.