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Superposition

abstract representation of E field

interaction is independent of other charges

Field line model

E tangent to field line

allows solution of multicharge problems

E greater where lines closer together

lines point away from + /towards -

lines originate on + and terminate on -

lines representing total E don't cross

do a vector sketch and use those component skills

standard fields to know

same problem for gravity

philosophic problem

further abstraction of the complex abstract idea of a field

Our force laws - Newton's Law of Gravity, Coulomb's Law, Magnetic Forces - all apparently act instantaneously over infinite distance. This seems surprising (magical) and different than our human experience

more than 1 charge

Michael Faraday is credited with creating the concept of a field that charges are responding to. This field exists everywhere and therefore the force is a local effect between the charge and the field. We don't have a great sense of this field or what it means to say it exists but it has proven to be a tremendously useful concept.

action at a distance

Electric Field

Field of Point Charge

Operational Definition

test charge in pocket:)

attach test charge to pendulum

measure deflection to determine force

this is how we figure out lots of mysterious field things. Same methodology applies to gavitational and magnetic fields.

Newtonian Dynamics

know the force and you can predict what will happen!

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