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Fourteen-line lyric poem that is usually written in iambic pentameter and that has one of several rhyme schemes.
The Shakespearean sonnet has three four-line units, or quatrains, followed by a concluding two-line unit, or couplet. The most common rhyme scheme for the Shakespearean sonnet is abab cdcd efef gg
A poem in which a speaker addresses one or more silent listeners, often reflecting on a specific problem or situation.
For Example:
What is this I hear of sorrow and weariness,
Anger, discontent, and drooping hopes?
Degenerate sons and daughters,
Life is too strong for you -
It takes life to love life.
- Edgar Lee Masters's "Lucinda Matlock"
Long speech in which a character who is onstage alone expresses his or her thoughts aloud.
For Example: Friar Laurence's soliloquy at the opening of Act II, Scene 3
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate.
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And summer's lease hath all too short a date.
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;
But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,
Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st.
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
Story that is written to be acted for an audience. The action of a drama is usually driven by a character who wants something and takes steps to get it.
For Example: Romeo and Juliet
Group of consecutive lines in a poem that form a single unit; A stanza in a poem is something like a paragraph in prose: It often expresses a unit of thought. A stanza may consist of any number of lines.
For Example:
Kim and Kanye sitting in a tree
K-I-S-S-I-N-G
First comes love, then comes marriage
Then comes baby in a baby carriage
Language that appeals to the senses.
For Example:
Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach;
Three fields to cross till a farm appears;
A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratch
And blue spurt of a lighted match...
When the audience or the reader knows something important that a character in a play or story does not know.
For Example: Odysseus disguised as a beggar asks Penelope, his wife, about her feelings for Odysseus.
The reader knows something important (the beggar is Odysseus) that another character does not (Penelope)
A nonhuman thing or quality is talked about as if it were human
For Example: Del Mar listened to me
A speaker says one thing but really means something completely different; sarcasm.
For Example: A teacher asks you if you would like some extra credit and you respond, "Oh no, I hate extra credit"
When there is contrast between what would seem appropriate and what really happens or when there is a contradiction between what we expect to happen and what really does take place.
For Example: When you come in to take the final, the teacher says you don't have to take it and throws the class a pizza party instead.
Person, place, thing, or event that stands for itself and for something beyond itself as well
For Example: A bald eagle
Repetition of similar vowel sounds that are followed by different consonant sounds.
For Example: Try to light the fire
All the meanings, associations, or emotions that have come to be attached to a word in addition to its denotation
For Example: What meanings, associations or emotions do you have when I say "school"?
A comparison between two unlike things, using a word such as: like, as, resembles, or than
For Example: Being at Del Mar is like being in Hollywood; every person could be the next star
Repetition of the same or very similar consonant sounds usually at the beginnings of words that are close together
For Example: She sells sea-shells by the sea shore
Literal dictionary definition
For Example: School - an organization that provides instruction
A comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another thing without the use of the words: like, as, than, or resembles
For Example: Del Mar is the Hollywood of high schools