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JULIUS CAESAR
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Transcript
PROS & CONS
Caesars enemies feared that he was gaining too much power and was becoming too popular with the lower classes.
Caesars supporters believed he was strong leader that brought peace and stability to Rome
JULIUS CAESAR
THE IDES OF MARCH
- Opponents to Caesar led by Brutus and Cassius plotted to kill him.
- Caesar ignored warnings to beware of the Ides of March.
- On March 15, 44 B.C.E Caesars enemies killed him
MILITARY CAMPAIGNS
Crossing the Rubicon
- In 49 B.C.E. the Roman Senate ordered Caesar to give up his army and return to Rome.
- Caesar had two options...
- Give up his army and perhaps be put in prison or put to death by his rivals.
- Attack Rome with his army and risk a civil war.
THE FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
- Caesar decided to march into Rome with his 5,000 loyal soldiers. He crossed the Rubicon, a small river that was at the southern boarder of his command area.
- Pompey tried to stop Caesar but Caesar was a better military leader.
- Caesars army destroyed Pompey's in 48 B.C.E.
RISE TO POWER
- The first triumvirate in Rome included... Caesar, Crassus, & Pompey
- Crassus = $$$RICH$$$ and a military leader.
- Pompey = successful military leader
- Caesar = successful military leader
- Together they used a combination of wealth and power to rule Rome.
TRIUMVIRATE = POLITICAL ALLIANCE OF THREE PEOPLE
- Each member of the triumvirate had military command in different parts of the Republic.
- Caesar had a lot of military success and became a hero to Romes lower class.
- Wealthy Romans and political leaders became worried that Caesar was gaining too much power.
- Crassus was killed in battle and the Roman senate decided that Pompey should rule Rome alone.
- Step 1 - 44 B.C.E. Caesar declares himself dictator of Rome.
- Step 2 - Replace Senators with new members that supported Caesar
- Step 3 - Granted citizenship to people living in Roman territories.
- Step 4 - Started new colonies to provide land to the landless
- Step 5 - Ordered farmers using slave labor to hire free workers
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