Presented By:
- Strongly opposed by the Malays.
- Reasons: - Sir Harold MacMichael used force and
intimidation, threatened sultans with dethronement.
Opposition Against the Malayan Union
- Abolishment of Sultan's sovereignty.
*Only matters related to Islam and Malay customs
- Citizenship rights based on the jus soli principle.
Malays might lose economic and political status.
Peace demonstration
& Rallies
Malayan Union
- The third Malay Congress was held in Johor Bahru from 11th to 12th May 1946
- UMNO was officially formed on 11th May 1946
- The emergence of Dato’ Onn Ja’afar as the first president of UMNO
- Introduced by the British.
Birth Of UMNO
- Purpose: - Unify administrative sys. , to save cost & ^ efficiency.
- The second Malay congress was then held from 30th to 31st March 1946
- Oppose the declaration of the official establishment of the Malayan Union on 1st April 1946.
- Political unification, immigrants shift loyalty and
preserve economic role.
- Limit power of Malay under control.
1946, Dato' Onn urged Malays to congress &
U.M.O was formed on 23rd Jan to oppose Malayan Union.
Conclusion
- The first Malay congress was held from 1st to 4th March 1946
- Participated of 41 Malay Associations
The Malayan Union has
awakened political movement, and
strengthened nationalism among the Malays and other ethnic groups
in the Malay Peninsula.
PROCESS OF
FORMATION OF
UMNO
Objective of formation of UMNO following its
development as a political party
INTRODUCTION: UMNO
- UMNO was formed and with its main objective was to oppose the establishment of the Malayan Union in Malaya by the British in 1946
- Intended to unite the Malays and defend special rights of Malays
- UMNO’s objective was to fight for the independence of the Malay Peninsula
- The Alliance Party won the 1955 Malayan General Elections, with a landslide victory of 51 out of 52 seats
- Preserve the special status of the Malays, making Islam as the official religion of the federation and having the Malay language as the national language
- Strived for these provisions to be included in the Federation of Malaya Constitution drafted by the Reid Commission
Founder of UMNO : Dato' Onn Ja'afar
- born in 1895 at Johor Bahru.
- Was an editor of 'Warta Malaya', gov Officer, Chief
Minister (Menteri Besar) of Johor.
- From 1949, Dato’ Onn tried to change UMNO’s nature.
i. Malay nationalist party > multi-ethnic, national party
ii. UMNO’s membership open to all Malayans regardless
of race.
iii. his suggestion was strongly opposed and left UMNO
on 26 August 1951.
- Then, Dato’ Onn established Independence of Malaya
Party (IMP) which was open to all Malayans. But IMP failed
to gain support.
- Eventually, Dato’ Onn formed Parti Negara (PN) which placed membership restrictions to non-Malays.
- United Malays National Organization (UMNO) a.k.a Persatuan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu
- Malaysia's largest political party at present.
- Formed on 11 May 1946, by Dato' Onn Ja'afar.
- Motto/Slogan, 'Hidup Melayu' (Long Live the Malays).
- 2 main divisions : Women’s Wing (1947) & UMNO Youth (1949)
Q & A
Session
Introduction of Malayan Union which
led to the birth of the
United Malays National Organization (UMNO)
Fina
Melanie