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AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE PATIENTS THRIVE AND NOT BACTERIA

INFECTION CONTROL

DIALYSIS SETTING

... THE END

THANK YOU!

THE GOAL?

"Assume that all

patients are infectious"

STANDARD PRECAUTION

vs.

INFECTION CONTROL

More stringent than Standard Precautions

and designed to prevent transmission

of blood borne virus

and bacterial pathogens

Contact Precautions

intended to prevent transmission of infectious agents including MRO's which are spread by direct or indirect contact

MULTI-RESISTANT

ORGANISMS

THERE

IS

NO

ESKAPE!

MRSA

ESBL

CRAB

Step 2: INFECTION CONTROL

Communal equipment especially weighing scale shold be cleaned after use with detergent and water at least daily

Routine Serum Testing

Dialysis patients are at risk for acquiring BBV infections including HBV, HCV and

HIV.

Of these viruses, hepatitis B has most commonly been transmitted during

hemodialysis treatment.

Most Common Blood Borne Viruses (BBV)

HBV

HCV

HIV

BBV contaminated Equipment

Small blood spills (<10ml)

- use sodium hypochlorite 1:100 dilution

Large blood spills (>10ml)

- decontaminate using 1:10 dilution

GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

* Every week, HD patients are exposed to almost 400 L of water

* The only way to keep bacterial growth under control is prevention

by: Melissa Alarzar, RN, CNN

WHAT ARE THE STANDARD PRECAUTIONS?

EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT

1. HAND HYGIENE

YOUR HANDS CARRY INFECTION

Hand hygiene is a general term used to describe any type of hand cleansing.

PRINCIPLES

  • All staff should cover cuts and abrasions with waterproof dressings
  • Staff who provide direct hands-on care to patients should not wear artificial fingernails or extenders.
  • Hand hygiene facilities should be located as close as possible to the point of contact with patients and dialysis equipment
  • It is important to reinforce that hands should be rubbed together after application of the alcohol-based hand hygiene product until all the alcohol has evaporated before engaging in other activities.

CARE FOR PATIENTS AND FOR YOURSELF

Scheduled Immunization is one of the best protection we can offer

  • Sharps containers shall be located as close as possible to the point of generation either attached to a trolley or on a mobile stand.
  • All sharps, including those with safety features, shall be disposed of into an approved sharps container.
  • Sharps containers should be large enough to accommodate the types of devices being used in the area.
  • Medication carts/trolleys should not be used to deliver medications to patients.

  • All parenteral medications should be prepared in a clean area separate from potentially contaminated items and surfaces.

  • Do not carry medication vials, syringes, alcohol impregnated swabs or supplies in pockets

PPE'S ARE BEST IN PROTECTION

GOWNS

EYESHIELD/ GOGGLES

FACE SHIELD

GLOVES

2. Personal Protective Equipments

EYE SHIELD

• required when performing procedures that may generate splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids.

Personal eyeglasses and contact lenses are not considered adequate eye protection.

Eye protection (goggles) should allow for sufficient peripheral vision, be adjustable

to ensure a secure fit, and incorporate indirect air flow properties to reduce fogging.

ROUTINE CLEANING

Aseptic Technique

Minimize equipment close to dialysis machine and patients

dialysis machines should be internally disinfected and externally cleaned and allowed to dry after each patient treatment

Break the chain of infection

indicated to prevent contamination of the HCW’s clothing with

blood, body fluids, MRO’s and other potentially infectious material

GLOVES

WORN WHEN:

Touching blood and body fluids

Handling items or surfaces soiled

Performing vascular access procedures

CHANGED WHEN:

After contact with each patient

Whenever gloves are blood stained

After handling infectious waste containers

  • A long-sleeved, fluid-barrier gown should be worn if exposed areas of the body
  • All PPE (with the exception of eyewear/goggles unless soiled) should be changed
  • and hand hygiene performed between attending different patients.
  • PPE should be changed at the earliest opportunity if it becomes contaminated with blood or body fluids

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