Southwest Regions

Audio Transcript Auto-generated

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  Hello, everyone.

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  It's Miss Lena, all the history teacher.

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  Now I'll talk about the cultures which developed in the

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  desert southwest of America's.

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  First of all, hundreds of Native Americans cultural groups left

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  North America before 81,500 the arrival of the Europeans before

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  leaving the arrival of the Europeans.

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  Based on the environment in which people lived, scholars have

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  characterized them to 10 cultural areas.

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  The first one is arctic.

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  As you can see over here, uh, as you consume

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  over here in the map Sub Arctic Northwest coast, California,

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  Great Basin, Plateau Southwest planes southeast and northeast in each

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  area. Um, now people adapted to geographic conditions that influence

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  the ways.

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  For millions of years, Native Americans groups lived by hunting,

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  fishing and gathering wild plants.

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  After farming spread north from Mesoamerica, many people raised corn

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  and other food crops.

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  As you know, the squash and the beans.

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  Some people farmed so successfully that they built large permanent

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  settlements. Some of the earliest farming cultures arose and what

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  today is called the southwestern United States, which means if,

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  uh, if you've been to the United States, you would

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  know all of these states.

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  We're gonna be talking about today.

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  Okay, Let's talk about the whole the whole Come the

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  pena on the papa go.

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  Perhaps as long as a 300 BC fields off corn

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  beans. As you can see over here, there are so

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  many farms and squash bloomed in the desert with the

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  present day Arizona Arizona is a state in the Americas

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  near the salt and dill RVers.

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  These fields were pledged by a people later called the

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  Ho Ho Kam, or vanished once by their descendants, the

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  Pima on the topography to farm the desert, the whole

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  Campbell T complex irrigation system.

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  As you can see over here in the picture that

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  includes the numerous Cannell's those Air Cannell's, the Cannell's carried

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  river water to field a ce Farrah several miles away.

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  The whole camp also built temple mounds and ball courts,

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  similar in appearance to those off the Mass of America.

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  Evidence indicates that for unknown reasons, the whole camp lift

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  their settlements sometime during the 80 well as any other

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  civilization. It still remains a mystery, and nobody knows why

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  for sure.

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  Let's move on toe prevalence.

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  This is a trademark for them.

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  About 100 ancestor boob prevalence lived in what is today

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  the Four Corners region of Arizona, also second America, New

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  Mexico, Colorado and Utah.

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  Within a few 100 years, they were building villages, some

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  inside caves on some outside Can you see over here?

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  Some inside and some outside remains off people.

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  Oh Bonito.

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  The largest such pueblo still stands in New Mexico.

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  In the state of America, the huge complex consisted off

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  800 rooms that could have housed about 3000 people.

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  Builders used the stone on adobe bricks to erect a

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  crescent shaped compound, rising five stories high.

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  And nobody knows how they went all the way up

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  in the center off the great complex Lady Plaza.

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  There, the Ancestral with blondes that they're Kiva wasa Kiva.

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  It's a large underground chamber used for religious ceremonies and

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  political meetings in the Kiva they carved after small hole

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  in the floor, which represented the birthplace of the trial.

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  They also painted the walls with geometric designs and scenes

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  of the ritual of the daily life.

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  Now let's talk about the cultures which developed in the

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  East West, now going to the east.

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  The answer.

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  Quit belongs in the Mississippi River valleys.

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  Other farming cultures emerged, the two left behind impressive constructions.

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  As you can see over here, let me and maximize

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  it, as you can see over here, known for giant

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  earthquakes that they built for various purposes by heaping piles.

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  As you can see over here, they they just had

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  it in piles and shaping them.

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  Some of the Earth works with large burial mounds that

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  so you can imagine that those mounds over here, they

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  would have for very bodies.

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  Others served as platforms for structures such as temples, and

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  still others served as defense of walls.

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  Males were usually cone shaped oval or formed into the

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  shape of an animal.

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  That's over here, of course, at the Adina and the

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  Hopewell on those cultures were built in the east.

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  Let's talk about the Mississippian Mississippians by 8800 thes early

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  Eastern Eastern culture had disappeared, and new people whom today

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  we refer to as the Mississippians, gained influence in the

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  Southeast and Mississippi River Valley regions.

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  As the cultures path, the Mississippians built clusters earthen mounds,

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  as you can see over here and ever larger towns

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  and ceremonial centers.

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  The greatest Mississippi and Centers was called the Cahokia in

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  present days, Illinois housed as many as 20,000 people by

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  about 81,100.

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  Copia boasted.

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  1 20 months I talked, some of which said the

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  homes of rulers and nobles.

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  Now let's talk about the last culture which took place

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  in the Mississippi is the Nazis did not choose the

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  Mississippians Lift the left.

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  No written records.

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  Artifacts from the remains of settlements such as Cahokia provided

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  clues into their culture.

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  Their traditions have survived among the Natchez people, who are

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  known for their worship off the sun as so many

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  other cultures in the mess of America.

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  They called the ruler who had an absolute power.

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  The great son.

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  So remember, was the ruling them.

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  He was the great son Mhm and his family lived

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  on the top of pyramid mounds.

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  Society was divided into case the highest group was called

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  the Sons, which tells us how much they appreciated the

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  sun. That's all for today,