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Adverb Clause Reduction
1
Adverb Clause Reduction
Active vs Passive
Step 5
active verbs - verb + -ing (present participle)
Step 4
passive verbs - past participle
while
I ate breakfast before I left for work.
While I was sitting at home, I fell asleep.
when because
I ate breakfast before leaving for work.
While sitting at home, I fell asleep.
Step 3
My dog runs to the street when he is given the chance.
Sitting at home, I fell asleep.
Rule: delete subject, delete subordinator and add '-ing' to base form of verb
My dog runs to the street when given the chance.
Rules for reducing an adverb clause:
When my mother saw me leave, my mother started to cry.
'be' verb
Seeing me leave, my mother started to cry.
Rule:
Because I wanted to be brave, I simply smiled.
omit subject and 'be' verb
Rule 2
Wanting to be brave, I simply smiled.
While I was sitting at home, I fell sleep.
While sitting at home, I fell asleep.
no 'be' verb
Rule:
subject must be the same in both clauses
omit subject and add '-ing' to the base verb
Before Jim went out, he bought a snack.
Before going out, Jim bought a snack.
Before Jon left, he ate lunch.
Rule 1
I am leaving for school after I go to the gym.
Since he came here, Jack has been busy.
While she worked, he listened to music.
Adverb Clause must begin with:
before
after
since
while